大麻输送系统的创新:专利审查(2012-2024)。

IF 3.3 3区 医学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL
Ana Sofía Guerrero Casas, Vanessa Castro Felix Lima, Nicolas Redondo, Izabel Almeida Alves, Diana Marcela Aragón
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引用次数: 0

摘要

简介:大麻已经种植了11700多年,起源于中亚和东南亚,被用于医疗、娱乐和宗教目的。在它的治疗潜力中,值得注意的是它能减轻疼痛、恶心、焦虑等。植物的主要次生代谢产物是大麻素,它与内源性大麻素系统相互作用产生这些作用。然而,由于剂量的可变性和与缺乏靶向作用相关的继发性效应,它们的医疗用途受到限制,因此需要有效的给药系统。方法:使用从Espacenet数据库检索的专利对大麻药物输送系统进行了系统的专利审查。该搜索使用关键词“大麻”和“运送”以及IPC分类代码A61来过滤2012年至2024年间提交的专利。最初的检索产生了99项专利,进一步筛选确定了15项符合纳入标准的专利。结果:入选专利主要来自美国,其次是加拿大、国际专利(WIPO)和中国。2022年专利申请量显著增加,与该主题的科学出版物达到顶峰相吻合。这一趋势表明人们对大麻输送系统的设计越来越感兴趣。讨论:大麻的历史重要性和治疗潜力是有口可说的,但由于药代动力学的限制,现代医疗用途仍然受到限制。为了提高大麻素的生物利用度和稳定性,已经开发了细胞外囊泡、微针和乳剂等递送系统。细胞外囊泡促进大麻素靶向,非侵入性递送到中枢神经系统。微针提供了一种无痛的经皮给药方法,克服了皮肤屏障的限制。乳剂提高了亲脂性大麻素的溶解度和生物利用度,使其适用于各种给药途径。结论:自2012年以来,在大麻素治疗潜力的推动下,与大麻药物输送系统相关的专利和出版物出现了相当大的增长。乳剂、微针和细胞外囊泡等输送系统的创新旨在改善大麻衍生化合物的药代动力学和治疗效果,代表着向医用大麻应用的转变。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Innovations in Cannabis Delivery Systems: A Patent Review (2012-2024).

Introduction: Cannabis sativa has been cultivated for over 11,700 years, originating in Central and Southeast Asia, and has been used for medical, recreational, and religious purposes. Among its therapeutic potentials, it is notable for its capacity to alleviate pain, nausea, anxiety, and more. The plant's primary secondary metabolites are cannabinoids, which interact with the endocannabinoid system to produce these effects. However, due to the dosage variability and the secondary effects associated with a lack of targeted action, their medical use is limited, creating the need for effective delivery systems.

Methodology: This systematic patent review on cannabis drug delivery systems was conducted using patents retrieved from the Espacenet database. The search employed the keywords "Cannabis" and "Delivery," along with the IPC classification code A61, to filter patents filed between 2012 and 2024. This initial search yielded 99 patents, which were further screened to identify 15 patents that met the inclusion criteria.

Results: Of the selected patents, most originated from the United States, followed by Canada, international patents (WIPO), and China. A notable increase in patent filings occurred in 2022, coinciding with the peak in scientific publications on the topic. This trend indicates a growing interest in the design of cannabis delivery systems.

Discussion: The historical importance and therapeutic potential of Cannabis sativa are welldocumented, yet modern medical use remains restricted due to pharmacokinetic limitations. Delivery systems such as extracellular vesicles, microneedles, and emulsions have been developed to improve the bioavailability and stability of cannabinoids. Extracellular vesicles facilitate targeted, noninvasive delivery of cannabinoids to the central nervous system. Microneedles offer a painless method for transdermal administration, overcoming skin barrier limitations. Emulsions improve the solubility and bioavailability of lipophilic cannabinoids, making them suitable for various administration routes.

Conclusion: Since 2012, there has been considerable growth in patents and publications related to cannabis drug delivery systems, driven by the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids. Innovations in delivery systems like emulsions, microneedles, and extracellular vesicles aim to improve the pharmacokinetics and therapeutic efficacy of cannabis-derived compounds, representing a shift towards medical cannabis applications.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
231
审稿时长
6 months
期刊介绍: The aim of Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry is to publish short reviews on the important recent developments in medicinal chemistry and allied disciplines. Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry covers all areas of medicinal chemistry including developments in rational drug design, synthetic chemistry, bioorganic chemistry, high-throughput screening, combinatorial chemistry, drug targets, and natural product research and structure-activity relationship studies. Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry is an essential journal for every medicinal and pharmaceutical chemist who wishes to be kept informed and up-to-date with the latest and most important developments.
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