Multidomain model for sustainable industrial energy and air quality management

Industry 5.0 focuses on human well-being, sustainability, and system resilience, with an emphasis on optimizing energy resources and reducing pollution in built environments. Achieving these goals requires integrated models that link indoor air quality (IAQ), ventilation systems, energy use, and production planning. This study addresses these goals with an integrated multidomain model that bridges environmental and energy management. Unlike current models that consider these aspects in isolation, the proposed approach incorporates energy generation and dynamic electricity prices into production planning, particularly in scenarios involving photovoltaic energy generation and fluctuating electricity prices. Consequently, this model enables tools to align ventilation operations with energy availability or cost. The model also simulates incidental nanoparticle (INP) dynamics in industrial environments, where processes generate INPs that pose health risks and productivity losses. Modeling interactions between INP dynamics, ventilation, and energy systems enables optimization of IAQ while maximizing solar energy self-consumption and minimizing energy costs. The model was validated using real operational data from three booths of a thermal spraying workshop. Integration of photovoltaic systems with and without storage with ventilation demonstrated the model's capacity to align energy generation with extraction processes, enhancing energy and IAQ management flexibility. Results include a 24.9 % increase in solar self-consumption and a 6.8 % reduction in energy exportation, alongside reduced costs and improved operational efficiency. This work contributes to Industry 5.0 by advancing sustainable industrial production planning. The model provides a framework for tool design integrating renewable energy, real-time data, and energy optimization strategies, offering new pathways for workshop management and aligning with smart grid interactions. Future work, including energy storage systems and the study of other emissions processes, will further increase its adaptability, making it a valuable solution for sustainable industrial operations.