Electrochemical sensor for niclosamide detection based on β-cyclodextrin/acetylene black nanocomposite modified electrode

An ultrasound-assisted synthesis method was employed to prepare β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and acetylene black (AB) nanocomposites, referred to as β-CD@AB. These nanocomposites were subsequently modified onto glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) to develop electrochemical sensors for the detection of niclosamide (NA). The bead chain-like carbon network structure of AB exhibits outstanding electrical conductivity, significantly improving electrocatalytic performance. Additionally, β-CD not only enhances the dispersibility of AB but also provides superior adsorption and molecular recognition capabilities, thereby increasing the capacity of AB to capture and enrich NA molecules. The integration of β-CD and AB enabled highly sensitive NA detection, achieving a detection limit of 0.019 μM within the concentration range of 0.09–15 μM. The β-CD@AB/GCE-based analytical platform exhibited remarkable precision and accuracy in NA quantification in complex matrices, with relative normal deviations ranging from 1.26 % to 4.31 % and quantitative recovery rates between 96.87 % and 101.02 %. This electrochemical detection system demonstrated excellent operational stability when applied to actual environmental samples. The findings indicate that the sensor, developed through the modification of GCE with β-CD@AB, provides reliable performance for NA detection.