Yao Ni, Juanmei Li, Zitian Tang, Youqian Zhang, Yanyan Feng
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The primary method was the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, supplemented by multivariable MR to assess direct effects independent of mental, social, and substance use factors, and mediation MR to explore mediating factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Corrections for the false discovery rate revealed significant causal associations between CUD and an increased risk of emotionally unstable PD (EUPD; OR<sub>IVW</sub> = 1.228, 95% CI 1.069-1.411), overall PD (OR<sub>IVW</sub> = 1.186, 95% CI 1.065-1.321), and schizoid PD (SPD; OR<sub>IVW</sub> = 1.644, 95% CI 1.131-2.390). Mediation analysis identified schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), neuroticism, and smoking initiation (SmkInit) as shared mediating factors between CUD and both EUPD and overall PD, with an additional mediating factor, household income (HI), specific to the CUD-to-overall PD pathway. In contrast, no mediating factors were found between CUD and SPD. Notably, a bidirectional causal relationship was observed between overall PD and CUD (OR<sub>IVW</sub> = 1.399, 95% CI 1.033-1.895). Suggestive evidence indicated a causal link between lifetime cannabis use (LCU) and overall PD risk (OR<sub>IVW</sub> = 1.074, 95% CI 1.008-1.146).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study offers new insights into the potential impact of CU on the development and progression of various PDs, laying the groundwork for targeted interventions to mitigate its effects on mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":12605,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Psychiatry","volume":"16 ","pages":"1411587"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12119549/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Psychological, social factors, and smoking behavior mediated the effects of cannabis use on personality disorders: A Mendelian randomization study.\",\"authors\":\"Yao Ni, Juanmei Li, Zitian Tang, Youqian Zhang, Yanyan Feng\",\"doi\":\"10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1411587\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rapid changes in attitudes, legality, and patterns of cannabis use (CU) underscore the importance of understanding its impact on mental health. Although links between CU and personality disorders (PDs) are documented, their causality remains uncertain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Employing Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) data, this study investigated the causal relationship between cannabis use disorder (CUD) and lifetime cannabis use (LCU) with 9 types of PD risk through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. The primary method was the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, supplemented by multivariable MR to assess direct effects independent of mental, social, and substance use factors, and mediation MR to explore mediating factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Corrections for the false discovery rate revealed significant causal associations between CUD and an increased risk of emotionally unstable PD (EUPD; OR<sub>IVW</sub> = 1.228, 95% CI 1.069-1.411), overall PD (OR<sub>IVW</sub> = 1.186, 95% CI 1.065-1.321), and schizoid PD (SPD; OR<sub>IVW</sub> = 1.644, 95% CI 1.131-2.390). 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景：大麻使用（CU）的态度、合法性和模式的迅速变化强调了了解其对精神健康影响的重要性。虽然CU和人格障碍（pd）之间的联系有文献记载，但其因果关系仍不确定。方法：利用全基因组关联研究（Genome-Wide Association Studies， GWAS）数据，通过孟德尔随机化（Mendelian randomization， MR）分析，探讨大麻使用障碍（CUD）和终身大麻使用（LCU）与9种PD风险之间的因果关系。主要方法为逆方差加权法（IVW），辅以多变量磁共振（MR）评估独立于心理、社会和物质使用因素的直接影响，并辅以中介磁共振（MR）探索中介因素。结果：对错误发现率的修正揭示了CUD与情绪不稳定型PD (EUPD；ORIVW = 1.228, 95% CI 1.069-1.411)，整体PD （ORIVW = 1.186, 95% CI 1.065-1.321）和分裂样PD (SPD；Orivw = 1.644, 95% ci 1.131-2.390)。中介分析发现，精神分裂症（SCZ）、重度抑郁症（MDD）、神经质和开始吸烟（SmkInit）是CUD与EUPD和整体PD之间的共同中介因素，还有一个额外的中介因素，家庭收入（HI），特定于cudd到整体PD的途径。相比之下，没有发现CUD与SPD之间的中介因素。值得注意的是，总体PD和CUD之间存在双向因果关系（ORIVW = 1.399, 95% CI 1.033-1.895）。暗示性证据表明，终生大麻使用（LCU）与总体PD风险之间存在因果关系（ORIVW = 1.074, 95% CI 1.008-1.146）。结论：本研究为CU对各种pd的发展和进展的潜在影响提供了新的见解，为有针对性的干预措施减轻其对心理健康的影响奠定了基础。
Psychological, social factors, and smoking behavior mediated the effects of cannabis use on personality disorders: A Mendelian randomization study.
Background: Rapid changes in attitudes, legality, and patterns of cannabis use (CU) underscore the importance of understanding its impact on mental health. Although links between CU and personality disorders (PDs) are documented, their causality remains uncertain.
Methods: Employing Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) data, this study investigated the causal relationship between cannabis use disorder (CUD) and lifetime cannabis use (LCU) with 9 types of PD risk through Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. The primary method was the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method, supplemented by multivariable MR to assess direct effects independent of mental, social, and substance use factors, and mediation MR to explore mediating factors.
Results: Corrections for the false discovery rate revealed significant causal associations between CUD and an increased risk of emotionally unstable PD (EUPD; ORIVW = 1.228, 95% CI 1.069-1.411), overall PD (ORIVW = 1.186, 95% CI 1.065-1.321), and schizoid PD (SPD; ORIVW = 1.644, 95% CI 1.131-2.390). Mediation analysis identified schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MDD), neuroticism, and smoking initiation (SmkInit) as shared mediating factors between CUD and both EUPD and overall PD, with an additional mediating factor, household income (HI), specific to the CUD-to-overall PD pathway. In contrast, no mediating factors were found between CUD and SPD. Notably, a bidirectional causal relationship was observed between overall PD and CUD (ORIVW = 1.399, 95% CI 1.033-1.895). Suggestive evidence indicated a causal link between lifetime cannabis use (LCU) and overall PD risk (ORIVW = 1.074, 95% CI 1.008-1.146).
Conclusion: This study offers new insights into the potential impact of CU on the development and progression of various PDs, laying the groundwork for targeted interventions to mitigate its effects on mental health.
期刊介绍：
Frontiers in Psychiatry publishes rigorously peer-reviewed research across a wide spectrum of translational, basic and clinical research. Field Chief Editor Stefan Borgwardt at the University of Basel is supported by an outstanding Editorial Board of international researchers. This multidisciplinary open-access journal is at the forefront of disseminating and communicating scientific knowledge and impactful discoveries to researchers, academics, clinicians and the public worldwide.
The journal''s mission is to use translational approaches to improve therapeutic options for mental illness and consequently to improve patient treatment outcomes.
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