Dietary fiber modification: A comparative study of physical, chemical, biological, combined technologies and bioactive impact on food applications

Daily consumption of a vast variety of plants leads to the direct disposal of a huge number of by-products, one of which is dietary fiber (DF), which are potentially advantageous bioactive compounds, in the ashcan. Nutritionists regard DF as the seventh most significant nutrient for humans. Among its many health advantages are enhanced gut flora, decreased risk of obesity and cardiovascular disorder and many more. As a result, research into plant DF modification to get high production and quality DFs (both soluble and insoluble dietary fiber) has long been a hot issue in the realm of functional food processing.The modification approaches (physical, chemical, biological, and combination) for DFs that have been studied over the past ten years are reviewed in this article, along with the varying impacts that these methods have had on the functional characteristics of DFs. The corelative analysis, its application in different food systems, and prospects of various DF approaches are explored. This review may help in determining the best DF modification approach and achieving greater industrialization of DF modification. Moreover, the application of modified DF in the food system also improves dietary fiber supplementation in the diet.