Targeted immunotherapy of psoriasis: focusing on Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription signaling pathway

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that affects approximately 1%–3% of the global population. The advent of biologic therapies has markedly improved the management of moderate-to-severe cases. While the efficacy and safety of these novel agents are well documented, many patients value the convenience of oral therapies, which not only eliminate the risk of injection site infections and complications but also alleviate the fear and discomfort associated with needles. The Janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in mediating the psoriatic inflammatory responses. Current research is focused on developing oral therapies, particularly JAK/STAT inhibitors, that provide improved efficacy and safety. In contrast to existing reviews, our scoping review not only evaluates randomized controlled trials of pan-JAK, selective JAK, and selective tyrosine kinase 2 inhibitors but also delves into mechanistic insights regarding both therapeutic effects and mechanisms of relapse.