巴西热带稀树草原传统管理下线虫种群可持续性评估

IF 5.2 1区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION
Thiago da Silva Novato, Ulysses Paulino de Albuquerque, Juliana Loureiro de Almeida Campos, Gustavo Taboada Soldati
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引用次数: 0

摘要

非木材林产品(NTFP)农业采掘业在数十亿人的生计中发挥着关键作用,并提供了平衡可持续发展与生物多样性保护的潜力。然而,它的可持续性取决于对物种生长率的分析和当地的管理实践,因为开采可能有助于保护它们,也可能会耗尽非野生动植物物种的数量和生态系统。我们综合了人口统计学和民族生物学的方法来评估传统管理如何影响线虫的种群动态。一种巴西特有的草本植物,由于采收压力,被认为有灭绝的危险。在3年多的时间里,我们在Sempre-Vivas国家公园对28,441个个体进行了人口统计学实验,以研究Sempre-Vivas采花者的传统收获和管理措施对物种存活率的影响。我们使用了六种处理,包括传统收获时间(早或晚)的变化,传统的使用火,和控制条件。对120块地的繁殖力、种群生长、幼苗和成虫死亡率以及开花情况进行了监测。由于种子活力降低,早收降低了繁殖力和种群增长,而晚收加上火灾增加了开花和种群增长率。火通过提高pH值和钾含量来改善土壤条件。土壤条件的改善降低了幼苗死亡率,提高了种群的恢复力。这些结果表明,传统的火灾和收获管理措施有助于秀丽隐杆线虫种群的长期可持续性。我们建议国家保护政策将这些做法合法化,因为它们支持资源的可持续利用,从而加强生物多样性保护和当地生计。我们的研究结果强调了将传统生态学知识整合到巴西热带稀树草原非森林保护区管理和保护中的必要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Assessment of demographic sustainability of Comanthera elegans under traditional management in the Brazilian savanna

Nontimber forest product (NTFP) agroextractivism plays a critical role in the livelihoods of billions and offers the potential to balance sustainable development with biodiversity conservation. However, its sustainability depends on analyzing species' vital rates and local management practices because extraction can contribute to their conservation or deplete NTFP populations and ecosystems. We integrated demographic and ethnobiological approaches to evaluate how traditional management affects the population dynamics of Comanthera elegans L. R. Parra & Giul, a Brazilian endemic herb considered at risk of extinction due to harvesting pressures. Over 3 years, we conducted a demographic experiment with 28,441 individuals in the Sempre-Vivas National Park to examine the effect of the traditional harvest and management practices of the Sempre-Vivas Flower Pickers on the species' vital rates. We used six treatments, including variations in traditional harvest times (early or late), traditional use of fire, and control conditions. Fecundity rates, population growth, seedling and adult mortality, and flowering were monitored across 120 plots. Early harvests decreased fecundity and population growth due to reduced seed viability, whereas late harvests combined with fire increased flowering and population growth rates. Fire improved soil conditions by enhancing pH and potassium levels. The improved soil conditions lowered seedling mortality and increased population resilience. These results suggest that traditional fire and harvest management practices contribute to the long-term sustainability of C. elegans populations. We propose that national conservation policies decriminalize these practices because they support sustainable resource use thus enhancing biodiversity conservation and local livelihoods. Our results underscore the need to integrate traditional ecological knowledge into the management and conservation of NTFPs in the Brazilian savanna.

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来源期刊
Conservation Biology
Conservation Biology 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
12.70
自引率
3.20%
发文量
175
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Conservation Biology welcomes submissions that address the science and practice of conserving Earth's biological diversity. We encourage submissions that emphasize issues germane to any of Earth''s ecosystems or geographic regions and that apply diverse approaches to analyses and problem solving. Nevertheless, manuscripts with relevance to conservation that transcend the particular ecosystem, species, or situation described will be prioritized for publication.
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