Nahid Hoseininezhad, Roghieh Nooripour, Simin Hosseinian, Abbas Abdollahi
{"title":"波斯语版圣克拉拉道德量表（SCES）的验证：伊朗大学生的研究。","authors":"Nahid Hoseininezhad, Roghieh Nooripour, Simin Hosseinian, Abbas Abdollahi","doi":"10.1186/s40359-025-02902-x","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Santa Clara Ethics Scale (SCES) is tool for evaluating individual's ethical decision-making skills. This study aimed to investigate the validation process of the Persian version of the Santa Clara Ethics Scale (SCES) among Iranian university students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research employed translation and validation design with cross-sectional approach, focusing on Iranian university students nationwide between May 5, 2020, and January 23, 2021. Data collection involved 537 participants (402 women and 135 men) selected through convenience sampling. After excluding 31 outliers, final sample comprised 506 respondents. These participants completed various questionnaires, including the Santa Clara Ethics Scale (SCES), Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale (ELICSES), Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI), Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES), Adult Hope Scale (AHS), Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MC-SDS), and Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). The study assessed through Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient and Convergent and Divergent Validity using SPSS-21 and AMOS-24.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The face and content validity of the SCES were confirmed, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) validated its one-factor structure and showed good model fit indices. The SCES demonstrated strong negative correlation with the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI-16) (r = -0.561, p < 0.01). Positive correlations were observed between the SCES and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (SES) (r = 0.411, p < 0.01), Snyder Hope Scale (Hope) (r = 0.332, p < 0.01), Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MC-SDS) (r = 0.29, p < 0.01), Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) (r = 0.599, p < 0.01), and Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale (ELICSES) (r = 0.352, p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research supported the satisfactory validity and reliability of the Santa Clara Ethics Scale (SCES) in assessing ethical inclinations in Iranian university student population.</p>","PeriodicalId":37867,"journal":{"name":"BMC Psychology","volume":"13 1","pages":"568"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12117954/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Validation of persian version of Santa Clara Ethics Scale (SCES): a study among Iranian University students.\",\"authors\":\"Nahid Hoseininezhad, Roghieh Nooripour, Simin Hosseinian, Abbas Abdollahi\",\"doi\":\"10.1186/s40359-025-02902-x\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Santa Clara Ethics Scale (SCES) is tool for evaluating individual's ethical decision-making skills. This study aimed to investigate the validation process of the Persian version of the Santa Clara Ethics Scale (SCES) among Iranian university students.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research employed translation and validation design with cross-sectional approach, focusing on Iranian university students nationwide between May 5, 2020, and January 23, 2021. Data collection involved 537 participants (402 women and 135 men) selected through convenience sampling. After excluding 31 outliers, final sample comprised 506 respondents. These participants completed various questionnaires, including the Santa Clara Ethics Scale (SCES), Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale (ELICSES), Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI), Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES), Adult Hope Scale (AHS), Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MC-SDS), and Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). The study assessed through Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient and Convergent and Divergent Validity using SPSS-21 and AMOS-24.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The face and content validity of the SCES were confirmed, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) validated its one-factor structure and showed good model fit indices. The SCES demonstrated strong negative correlation with the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI-16) (r = -0.561, p < 0.01). Positive correlations were observed between the SCES and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (SES) (r = 0.411, p < 0.01), Snyder Hope Scale (Hope) (r = 0.332, p < 0.01), Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MC-SDS) (r = 0.29, p < 0.01), Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) (r = 0.599, p < 0.01), and Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale (ELICSES) (r = 0.352, p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This research supported the satisfactory validity and reliability of the Santa Clara Ethics Scale (SCES) in assessing ethical inclinations in Iranian university student population.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":37867,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"BMC Psychology\",\"volume\":\"13 1\",\"pages\":\"568\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-27\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12117954/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"BMC Psychology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"102\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-02902-x\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"心理学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"BMC Psychology","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-02902-x","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Validation of persian version of Santa Clara Ethics Scale (SCES): a study among Iranian University students.
Background: The Santa Clara Ethics Scale (SCES) is tool for evaluating individual's ethical decision-making skills. This study aimed to investigate the validation process of the Persian version of the Santa Clara Ethics Scale (SCES) among Iranian university students.
Methods: This research employed translation and validation design with cross-sectional approach, focusing on Iranian university students nationwide between May 5, 2020, and January 23, 2021. Data collection involved 537 participants (402 women and 135 men) selected through convenience sampling. After excluding 31 outliers, final sample comprised 506 respondents. These participants completed various questionnaires, including the Santa Clara Ethics Scale (SCES), Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale (ELICSES), Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI), Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSES), Adult Hope Scale (AHS), Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MC-SDS), and Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). The study assessed through Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient and Convergent and Divergent Validity using SPSS-21 and AMOS-24.
Results: The face and content validity of the SCES were confirmed, and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) validated its one-factor structure and showed good model fit indices. The SCES demonstrated strong negative correlation with the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI-16) (r = -0.561, p < 0.01). Positive correlations were observed between the SCES and the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (SES) (r = 0.411, p < 0.01), Snyder Hope Scale (Hope) (r = 0.332, p < 0.01), Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale (MC-SDS) (r = 0.29, p < 0.01), Self-Compassion Scale (SCS) (r = 0.599, p < 0.01), and Ethical and Legal Issues in Counseling Self-Efficacy Scale (ELICSES) (r = 0.352, p < 0.05).
Conclusion: This research supported the satisfactory validity and reliability of the Santa Clara Ethics Scale (SCES) in assessing ethical inclinations in Iranian university student population.
期刊介绍：
BMC Psychology is an open access, peer-reviewed journal that considers manuscripts on all aspects of psychology, human behavior and the mind, including developmental, clinical, cognitive, experimental, health and social psychology, as well as personality and individual differences. The journal welcomes quantitative and qualitative research methods, including animal studies.
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