{"title":"环保替代SF6气体隔热材料三氟甲磺酰氟的绿色合成及其急性吸入毒性分析","authors":"Shile Wang, Li Dong, Ruichao Peng, Hongding Tang","doi":"10.3390/molecules30102241","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study demonstrates an eco-friendly synthesis of trifluoromethanesulfonyl fluoride (TFSF) as a sustainable SF<sub>6</sub> alternative. Optimized halogen exchange reactions using CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>2</sub>Cl/KF (3:1 ratio) with crown ether catalysis at low temperatures achieved 65% TFSF yield (97.9% purity). Scale-up trials in pressurized reactors showed >50% conversion and >90% selectivity. Acute inhalation tests (OECD standards) on Sprague-Dawley rats revealed transient toxicity at 20,000 ppm (4 h exposure), with survival rates >66% and LC<sub>50</sub> exceeding 22,600 ppm-significantly safer than SF<sub>6</sub>. These findings confirm TFSF's technical viability and low toxicity, positioning it as a practical insulating medium to curb SF<sub>6</sub> emissions. The methodology highlights precision halogen exchange control and systematic safety validation, offering actionable solutions for industrial adoption.</p>","PeriodicalId":19041,"journal":{"name":"Molecules","volume":"30 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12114551/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Green Synthesis of Trifluoromethanesulfonyl Fluoride as an Eco-Friendly Alternative to SF<sub>6</sub> Gas Insulation and Analysis of Its Acute Inhalation Toxicity.\",\"authors\":\"Shile Wang, Li Dong, Ruichao Peng, Hongding Tang\",\"doi\":\"10.3390/molecules30102241\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>This study demonstrates an eco-friendly synthesis of trifluoromethanesulfonyl fluoride (TFSF) as a sustainable SF<sub>6</sub> alternative. Optimized halogen exchange reactions using CF<sub>3</sub>SO<sub>2</sub>Cl/KF (3:1 ratio) with crown ether catalysis at low temperatures achieved 65% TFSF yield (97.9% purity). Scale-up trials in pressurized reactors showed >50% conversion and >90% selectivity. Acute inhalation tests (OECD standards) on Sprague-Dawley rats revealed transient toxicity at 20,000 ppm (4 h exposure), with survival rates >66% and LC<sub>50</sub> exceeding 22,600 ppm-significantly safer than SF<sub>6</sub>. These findings confirm TFSF's technical viability and low toxicity, positioning it as a practical insulating medium to curb SF<sub>6</sub> emissions. The methodology highlights precision halogen exchange control and systematic safety validation, offering actionable solutions for industrial adoption.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":19041,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Molecules\",\"volume\":\"30 10\",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-21\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12114551/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Molecules\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"92\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30102241\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"化学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Molecules","FirstCategoryId":"92","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules30102241","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Green Synthesis of Trifluoromethanesulfonyl Fluoride as an Eco-Friendly Alternative to SF6 Gas Insulation and Analysis of Its Acute Inhalation Toxicity.
This study demonstrates an eco-friendly synthesis of trifluoromethanesulfonyl fluoride (TFSF) as a sustainable SF6 alternative. Optimized halogen exchange reactions using CF3SO2Cl/KF (3:1 ratio) with crown ether catalysis at low temperatures achieved 65% TFSF yield (97.9% purity). Scale-up trials in pressurized reactors showed >50% conversion and >90% selectivity. Acute inhalation tests (OECD standards) on Sprague-Dawley rats revealed transient toxicity at 20,000 ppm (4 h exposure), with survival rates >66% and LC50 exceeding 22,600 ppm-significantly safer than SF6. These findings confirm TFSF's technical viability and low toxicity, positioning it as a practical insulating medium to curb SF6 emissions. The methodology highlights precision halogen exchange control and systematic safety validation, offering actionable solutions for industrial adoption.
期刊介绍：
Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049, CODEN: MOLEFW) is an open access journal of synthetic organic chemistry and natural product chemistry. All articles are peer-reviewed and published continously upon acceptance. Molecules is published by MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Our aim is to encourage chemists to publish as much as possible their experimental detail, particularly synthetic procedures and characterization information. There is no restriction on the length of the experimental section. In addition, availability of compound samples is published and considered as important information. Authors are encouraged to register or deposit their chemical samples through the non-profit international organization Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MDPI). Molecules has been launched in 1996 to preserve and exploit molecular diversity of both, chemical information and chemical substances.
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