在不同的灌溉和耕作管理下，生物炭增强了稻田CH4和N2O排放的减缓

IF 6.1 1区农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE

Soil & Tillage Research Pub Date : 2025-05-28 DOI:10.1016/j.still.2025.106660

Antonio López-Piñeiro , Damián Fernández-Rodríguez , Luis Vicente , David Peña Abades , Ángel Albarrán Liso , Jose Manuel Rato Nunes , David Paulo Fangueiro

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究评估了不同管理方式对地中海水稻温室气体排放的影响。鉴于迫切需要确定在保持生产力的同时减少温室气体排放的可持续农业做法，分析了使用或不使用生物炭（28 t ha - 1）的两种灌溉方法（永久洪涝和喷灌）和两种耕作方法（传统耕作和免耕作）（短期和中期效果）对温室气体排放的影响。在2年的时间里，测定了不同处理下的甲烷（CH₄）、二氧化碳（CO₂）和氧化亚氮（N₂O）的排放量，并计算了全球变暖潜势（GWP）、产量标化GWP （GWP-y）和生态系统净碳平衡（NECB），这些处理分别是：淹耕（FST）、喷耕（SST）、喷耕免耕（SSNT）以及相应的生物炭改良处理（FST- b、SST- b和SSNT- b）。结果表明，漫灌产生了大量的CH₄（生物炭和非生物炭处理的平均值为350 kg CH₄c - ha⁻¹），而喷灌则是CH4的汇（平均值为−2.40 kg CH₄c - ha⁻¹）。然而，无论采用何种耕作制度，从淹水到喷灌的过渡都会导致N2O排放量显著增加（其值高达10.7 N2O- n kg ha - 1），这可以通过生物炭的施用（短期或中期）抵消，达到与永久淹水相似的统计值。此外，在整个研究中，在SST-B处理下观察到最低的GWP-y值。此外，无论灌溉和耕作方式如何，生物炭都有助于NECB的进一步上升。因此，实施生物炭喷灌，特别是在耕作制度下，是一种有效的温室气体减排策略，同时也增加了水稻作物对NECB的碳投入。

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Biochar enhances mitigation of CH4 and N2O emissions from rice fields under different irrigation and tillage managements

The present field study assessed the effects of different managements on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in Mediterranean rice crop. Given the pressing need to identify sustainable agricultural practices that mitigate GHG emissions while maintaining productivity, the effects on GHG emisions of two irrigation methods (permanent flooding and sprinkler) and two tillage practices (conventional tillage and no-tillage), with or without biochar application (28 t ha⁻¹) (short term and medium term effect) were analyzed. Over two years, emissions of methane (CH₄), carbon dioxide (CO₂), and nitrous oxide (N₂O) were measured, and global warming potential (GWP), yield-scaled GWP (GWP-y), and net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB) were calculated under these different treatments: flooding with tillage (FST), sprinkler irrigation with tillage (SST), sprinkler irrigation without tillage (SSNT), and the corresponding biochar amendment treatments (FST-B, SST-B and SSNT-B). The results showed that flooding irrigation generated significant CH₄ emissions (with a mean value of 350 kg CH₄-C ha⁻¹ across biochar and non-biochar treatments), while sprinkler irrigation acted as a sink of CH₄ (mean value of −2.40 kg CH₄-C ha⁻¹). However, the transition from flooding to sprinkler irrigation, regardless of tillage systems, led to a significant increase in N₂O emissions (whose values reached up to 10.7 N₂O-N kg ha⁻¹), which can be counteracted by biochar application (at both short or médium term), to values statistically similar to those of permanent flooding. Furthermore, throughout the study, the lowest values of GWP-y was observed under SST-B treatment. In addition, biochar contributed to a further rise in the NECB, regardless of irrigation and tillage methods. Therefore, the implementation of sprinkler irrigation, especially under tillage system, with biochar represents a effective strategy to greehouse gas mitigation, as well as to enhance the C inputs into NECB of rice crop.

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来源期刊

Soil & Tillage Research 农林科学-土壤科学

CiteScore

13.00

自引率

6.20%

发文量

266

审稿时长

5 months

期刊介绍： Soil & Tillage Research examines the physical, chemical and biological changes in the soil caused by tillage and field traffic. Manuscripts will be considered on aspects of soil science, physics, technology, mechanization and applied engineering for a sustainable balance among productivity, environmental quality and profitability. The following are examples of suitable topics within the scope of the journal of Soil and Tillage Research: The agricultural and biosystems engineering associated with tillage (including no-tillage, reduced-tillage and direct drilling), irrigation and drainage, crops and crop rotations, fertilization, rehabilitation of mine spoils and processes used to modify soils. Soil change effects on establishment and yield of crops, growth of plants and roots, structure and erosion of soil, cycling of carbon and nutrients, greenhouse gas emissions, leaching, runoff and other processes that affect environmental quality. Characterization or modeling of tillage and field traffic responses, soil, climate, or topographic effects, soil deformation processes, tillage tools, traction devices, energy requirements, economics, surface and subsurface water quality effects, tillage effects on weed, pest and disease control, and their interactions.