胰岛素抵抗的风险:商业与工业部门及相关变量的比较。

IF 3 Q2 MEDICINE, RESEARCH & EXPERIMENTAL
María Pilar Fernández-Figares Vicioso, Pere Riutord Sbert, Ángel Arturo López-González, José Ignacio Ramírez-Manent, José Luis Del Barrio Fernández, María Teófila Vicente Herrero
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:胰岛素抵抗(Insulin resistance, IR)是2型糖尿病发病前的关键代谢改变,与肥胖和生活方式因素密切相关。职业环境可能通过身体活动、饮食和社会经济因素的变化影响IR风险。目的:比较商业部门和工业部门工人胰岛素抵抗的风险,找出相关的社会人口和生活方式因素,以改善他们的职业健康。方法:这项横断研究分析了56,856名西班牙工人的数据,评估了四项ir相关指标:甘油三酯-葡萄糖指数(TyG)、TyG- bmi(甘油三酯-葡萄糖体重指数)、胰岛素抵抗代谢评分(METS-IR)和单点胰岛素敏感性估计器(spse - ir)。分析按性别和行业(商业与工业)分层,包括年龄、教育水平、体育活动、地中海饮食依从性和吸烟状况的评估。采用多项逻辑回归来确定与高IR评分相关的因素。结果:在所有IR指标中,与商业工作者相比,工业工人——尤其是男性——表现出更高的平均值和更高的高风险得分。女性的总体价值较低,但也反映出行业差异。在两性中,非体育活动、不坚持地中海饮食和吸烟始终与较高的IR风险相关。男性TyG升高的几率明显更高(OR = 2.59, 95% CI: 2.41-2.78),而缺乏运动和不良饮食是所有量表中最有效的可修改预测因素(例如,TyG的OR = 10.45, TyG- bmi的OR = 12.33)。与商业相比,工业部门与更高的胰岛素抵抗几率独立相关。结论:胰岛素抵抗在产业工人中更为普遍,尤其是男性和生活方式不健康的人群。职业健康战略应针对特定部门的风险概况,强调身体活动和饮食干预。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Risk of Insulin Resistance: Comparison of the Commerce vs. Industry Sector and Associated Variables.

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) is a key metabolic alteration that precedes type 2 diabetes and is closely linked to obesity and lifestyle factors. Occupational context may influence IR risk through variations in physical activity, diet, and socioeconomic determinants.

Objective: To compare the risk of insulin resistance between workers in the commerce and industry sectors and identify associated sociodemographic and lifestyle factors, in order to improve their occupational health.

Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 56,856 Spanish workers, assessing four IR-related indices: Triglyceride-Glucose Index (TyG), TyG-BMI (Triglyceride-Glucose Body Mass Index), Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance (METS-IR), and the Single-Point Insulin Sensitivity Estimator (SPISE-IR). The analysis was stratified by sex and sector (commerce vs. industry) and included assessments of age, education level, physical activity, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and smoking status. Multinomial logistic regressions were performed to determine the factors associated with high IR scores.

Results: Across all IR indicators, industry workers-particularly men-presented higher mean values and greater prevalence of high-risk scores compared to those in commerce. Women showed lower values overall but also reflected sector-based differences. In both sexes, non-physical activity, non-adherence to the Mediterranean diet, and smoking were consistently associated with higher IR risk. Males exhibited significantly higher odds of elevated TyG (OR = 2.59, 95% CI: 2.41-2.78), while physical inactivity and poor diet emerged as the most powerful modifiable predictors across all scales (e.g., OR = 10.45 for TyG, OR = 12.33 for TyG-BMI). Industry sector was independently associated with higher odds of insulin resistance compared to commerce.

Conclusions: Insulin resistance is more prevalent among industrial workers, especially men and those with unhealthy lifestyles. Occupational health strategies should target sector-specific risk profiles, emphasizing physical activity and dietary interventions.

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