泰国蝙蝠中蝙蝠蝇(双翅目:夜蛾科和链蝇科)的宿主关联和遗传多样性。

IF 3 2区 医学 Q1 PARASITOLOGY
Dimas Novianto, Siwaporn Tuangpermsub, Thongchai Ngamprasertwong, Morakot Kaewthamasorn
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:蝙蝠蝇属于双翅目和海蝇总科。它们可分为Streblidae和Nycteribiidae两科,在全世界分别有239种和280种。在泰国,已记录有43种夜蛾科和16种链虫科。尽管它们的多样性,这些外寄生虫的分子特征和宿主-寄生虫相互作用仍然知之甚少。方法:在2019年至2022年期间进行的蝙蝠调查中,在泰国三个省的八个地点收集了蝙蝠苍蝇。形态学鉴定使用鉴定键和泰国特有的蝙蝠蝇检查表进行。利用针对线粒体Cox1和细胞核28S rRNA基因的DNA条形码。分析了侵染模式与寄主性别、采样地点和生理状态的关系。通过BLASTN搜索确定物种,并在三种替代模型下使用ASAP算法进行物种划分。系统发育关系通过最大似然法推断,遗传变异通过TCS单倍型网络分析评估。三方网络分析用于检验站点-宿主-寄生虫的关联。结果:共捕获28种1042只蝙蝠,其中被蝇类侵染298只(28.59%);共采集蝙蝠蝇773只,其中链蝇科737只,夜蛾科36只。形态学和分子分析鉴定出三个属——雷蒙属、短跗藓属和夜蛾属——以及七个假设种。利用线粒体(Cox1)和核(28S rRNA)基因标记进行的系统发育重建显示,每个属中都有不同的分支,强调了大量的遗传多样性。单倍型分析在雷蒙虫中鉴定出18个单倍型,在短跗虫中鉴定出6个单倍型,在夜蛾属中鉴定出2个单倍型,有证据表明宿主-寄生虫存在位点特异性关联。侵染率因宿主种类、性别和地点而异,蝙蝠种群越多,侵染强度越高。Raymondia sp. 1是最常见的种类,主要侵染的是希波sideros gentilis。结论:本研究首次提供了泰国蝙蝠蝇多样性的分子特征,揭示了它们的遗传复杂性、分类、宿主特异性和生态相互作用。这些发现为进一步研究与蝙蝠蝇相关的生物多样性、宿主-寄生虫动力学和人畜共患风险奠定了重要基础。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Host associations and genetic diversity of bat flies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae and Streblidae) in bats from Thailand.

Background: Bat flies belong to the order Diptera and superfamily Hippoboscoidea. They can be divided into two families, Streblidae and Nycteribiidae, which collectively encompass 239 and 280 species worldwide, respectively. In Thailand, 43 species of Nycteribiidae and 16 species of Streblidae have been documented. Despite their diversity, the molecular characteristics and host-parasite interactions of these ectoparasites remain poorly understood.

Methods: During a bat survey conducted between 2019 and 2022, bat flies were collected across eight sites in three provinces of Thailand. Morphological identification was performed using identification keys and a bat fly checklist endemic to Thailand. DNA barcoding targeted to the mitochondrial Cox1 and nuclear 28S rRNA genes was utilized. Infestation patterns were analyzed in relation to host sex, sampling site, and physiological status. Species identification was confirmed via BLASTN searches, and species delimitation was conducted using the ASAP algorithm under three substitution models. Phylogenetic relationships were inferred using Maximum Likelihood methods, while genetic variation was assessed through TCS haplotype network analysis. Tripartite network analysis was employed to examine site-host-parasite associations.

Results: A total of 1,042 bats, representing 28 species, were captured during the study, of which 298 individuals (28.59%) were infested with bat flies. In total, 773 bat flies were collected, comprising 737 from the family Streblidae and 36 from Nycteribiidae. Morphological and molecular analyses identified three genera-Raymondia, Brachytarsina, and Nycteribia-along with seven hypothetical species. Phylogenetic reconstruction using mitochondrial (Cox1) and nuclear (28S rRNA) gene markers revealed distinct clades within each genus, underscoring substantial genetic diversity. Haplotype analyses identified 18 haplotypes in Raymondia, six in Brachytarsina, and two in Nycteribia, with evidence of site-specific host-parasite associations. Infestation rates varied by host species, sex, and location, with larger bat populations demonstrating higher infestation intensities. Raymondia sp. 1 is the most frequently encountred species an predominantly infested Hipposideros gentilis.

Conclusions: This study provides the first molecular characterization of bat fly diversity in Thailand, revealing their genetic complexity, taxonomy, host specificity, and ecological interactions. The findings establish a crucial foundation for further research concerning the biodiversity, host-parasite dynamics, and zoonotic risks associated with bat flies.

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来源期刊
Parasites & Vectors
Parasites & Vectors 医学-寄生虫学
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
9.40%
发文量
433
审稿时长
1.4 months
期刊介绍: Parasites & Vectors is an open access, peer-reviewed online journal dealing with the biology of parasites, parasitic diseases, intermediate hosts, vectors and vector-borne pathogens. Manuscripts published in this journal will be available to all worldwide, with no barriers to access, immediately following acceptance. However, authors retain the copyright of their material and may use it, or distribute it, as they wish. Manuscripts on all aspects of the basic and applied biology of parasites, intermediate hosts, vectors and vector-borne pathogens will be considered. In addition to the traditional and well-established areas of science in these fields, we also aim to provide a vehicle for publication of the rapidly developing resources and technology in parasite, intermediate host and vector genomics and their impacts on biological research. We are able to publish large datasets and extensive results, frequently associated with genomic and post-genomic technologies, which are not readily accommodated in traditional journals. Manuscripts addressing broader issues, for example economics, social sciences and global climate change in relation to parasites, vectors and disease control, are also welcomed.
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