[国家糖尿病登记在评估吉尔吉斯斯坦和比什凯克流行病学情况中的作用]。

R B Sultanalieva, N K Abylova, B Z Zhunusova
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:2015年,国家糖尿病患者登记册(SRDP)首次在吉尔吉斯共和国推出,并已成为共和国内分泌服务的优先领域之一。建立国家登记系统是朝着优化糖尿病患者护理迈出的重要一步。目前,吉尔吉斯共和国的登记系统不支持在线软件,因此所有关于糖尿病的信息都是静态评估的,代表了日历年底的一次性快照。目的:研究吉尔吉斯斯坦和该国人口最多的城市比什凯克的糖尿病流行病学方面(患病率、发病率和死亡率)以及并发症的频率。材料和方法:研究对象为吉尔吉斯共和国和比什凯克市DM登记数据库(数据时间为2016-2023年)。结果:根据SRDP,截至2024年1月1日,吉尔吉斯斯坦药房登记的糖尿病患者总数为85,142人,占共和国总人口的1.2%。在吉尔吉斯斯坦,根据登记,在T1DM患者中,男性占52.4%,女性占47.6%,在T2DM患者组中,女性占主导地位(59.9%)。在分析的8年期间(2016-2023年),吉尔吉斯共和国1型糖尿病患者的糖尿病患病率从人口的37/100增加到49.8/100(1.35倍),T2DM患者从847.6/100增加到1159.90 /100(1.37倍)。吉尔吉斯共和国T1DM年发病率动态平均为每100万人3.6例,2016 - 2019年T2DM增加27.6%,从85 /100人增加到108.5/100人,到2023年下降到94/10万人。在共和国,1型糖尿病患者最常见的并发症仍然是:神经病变、视网膜病变、肾病,而2型糖尿病患者最常见的并发症是神经病变、高血压、视网膜病变。根据登记,在分析期间,除中风、糖尿病足(DF)和急性心肌梗死(AMI)外,大多数糖尿病并发症的发生率稳定和/或下降。结论:吉尔吉斯斯坦的SRDP在静态模式下运行了8年多,可以进行临床和流行病学监测,确保从患者被纳入登记册的那一刻起就对其进行观察,并提供糖尿病患病率、发病率和并发症的数据。然而,登记处的运作受到若干区域无法使用互联网和计算机以及数据输入不及时的阻碍。将SRDP转换为在线格式对于实时有效监测和控制关键疾病指标是必要的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

[Role of the state register of diabetes mellitus in assessing the epidemiological situation in Kyrgyzstan and Bishkek].

[Role of the state register of diabetes mellitus in assessing the epidemiological situation in Kyrgyzstan and Bishkek].

[Role of the state register of diabetes mellitus in assessing the epidemiological situation in Kyrgyzstan and Bishkek].

[Role of the state register of diabetes mellitus in assessing the epidemiological situation in Kyrgyzstan and Bishkek].

Backgrond: The State Register of Diabetes Patients (SRDP) was first introduced throughout the Kyrgyz Republic in 2015 and has become one of the priority areas in the endocrinological service of the republic. The creation of a national registry was a significant step towards optimizing care for people with diabetes mellitus (DM). Currently, the register in the Kyrgyz Republic does not work online software, so all information about diabetes is assessed statically, representing a one-time snapshot for the end of the calendar year.

Aim: To study epidemiological aspects (prevalence,incidence mortality), as well as the frequency of complications of diabetes mellitus in Kyrgyzstan and the largest populated city in the country - Bishkek.

Materials and methods: The object of the study is the database of the DM register for the Kyrgyz Republic and the city of Bishkek (data over time from 2016-2023).

Results: The total number of patients with diabetes registered in the dispensary in Kyrgyzstan as of 01/01/2024, according to the SRDP, was 85,142 people, which amounted to 1.2% of the total population of the republic. In Kyrgyzstan, according to the register, among patients with T1DM, the proportion of males was 52.4%, and females - 47.6%, and in the group of patients with T2DM, females predominated (59.9%). The prevalence of diabetes in the Kyrgyz Republic over the analyzed 8-year period (2016-2023) among patients with type 1 diabetes increased from 37/100ths of the population to 49.8/100ths of the population (1.35 times), and with T2DM - from 847.6/100ths population to 1159.0/100ths population (1.37 times). The dynamics of the annual incidence of T1DM in the Kyrgyz Republic averages 3.6 per 100ths population, and T2DM increased from 2016 to 2019, increasing by 27.6%, from 85 to 108.5/100ths population and decreased to 94/100 thousand population in 2023. The most common complications among patients with type 1 diabetes in the republic remain: neuropathy, retinopathy, nephropathy, and for type 2 diabetes - neuropathy, hypertension, retinopathy. According to the register, during the analyzed period there was a stabilization and/or decrease in the frequency of most diabetic complications, with the exception of stroke, diabetic foot (DF), and acute micardial infarction (AMI).

Conclusion: The SRDP in Kyrgyzstan, over 8 years of operation in static mode, has allowed for clinical and epidemiological monitoring, ensuring observation of patients from the moment of inclusion in the registry and providing data on the prevalence, incidence and complications of diabetes. However, the registry's operation is hampered by the lack of access to the Internet and computers in a number of regions, as well as the timeliness of data entry. The transfer of the SRDP to an online format is necessary for effective monitoring and control of key disease indicators in real time.

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