大豆苯丙氨酸解氨酶基因的鉴定:基因组分析和在非生物胁迫下的表达分析

IF 6.8 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES
Hafiz Muhammad Rizwan , Jiayi He , Muhammad Bilal Arshad , Mingfu Wang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

苯丙氨酸解氨酶(Phenylalanine氨解酶,PAL)是苯丙素途径中的关键酶,在植物发育和对环境胁迫的响应中起重要作用。尽管它很重要,但大豆PAL基因家族(Glycine max)的包容性表征尚未得到充分探索。本研究在大豆基因组中鉴定出9个PAL基因,这些基因随机分布在Gm02、Gm03、Gm10、Gm13、Gm19和Gm20 6条染色体上。所有基因都由Lyase_aromatic domain组成,具有不同的理化性质。系统发育分析将PAL蛋白划分为三个主要分支,与拟南芥、柑橘和葡萄等双属植物接近。基因结构分析显示,所有基因均有10个保守基序和2个外显子。顺式调控元件分析强调了与植物生长发育(13%)、激素信号(36%)、光响应(37%)和胁迫响应(14%)相关的关键元件。同源性分析显示有11个片段重复的GmPAL基因,这些基因进行了纯化选择。此外,GmPAL共线性分析显示与双属植物具有显著的同源性,表明它们具有共同的进化起源和潜在的功能守恒。蛋白-蛋白相互作用和三维建模证实GmPAL蛋白参与苯丙类调节。此外,预测了来自32个不同家族的89个gma- mirna靶向所有基因。TF分析显示应力调节有显著相关性。GO和KEGG分析将GmPAL基因与生物过程和苯丙素途径联系起来。基于fpkm的表达谱揭示了GmPAL基因在不同条件下的组织特异性和应激反应性表达模式。此外,qRT-PCR证实,在冷、热、干旱、盐、金属离子毒性和激素等非生物胁迫下,大豆叶片中GmPAL所有基因的表达存在差异。值得注意的是,GmPAL3/4/5和GmPAL7在所有胁迫下均显著上调,而CdCl 2唯一上调了所有GmPAL基因的表达,突出了它们在大豆逆境抗性研究中的潜力。该研究为深入了解GmPAL基因的结构、进化和功能调控提供了有价值的见解,为进一步研究GmPAL基因及其在提高大豆抗逆性方面的潜在应用奠定了基础。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Characterization of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase genes in soybean: genomic insights and expression analysis under abiotic stress tolerance
Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) is a critical enzyme in the phenylpropanoid pathway, playing essential roles in plant development and responses to environmental stresses. Despite its importance, an inclusive characterization of the PAL gene family in soybean (Glycine max) has yet to be fully explored. This study identified nine PAL genes within the soybean genome, which were randomly distributed across six chromosomes including Gm02, Gm03, Gm10, Gm13, Gm19 and Gm20. All genes comprised of Lyase_aromatic domain with different physicochemical properties. Phylogenetic analysis grouped PAL proteins into three main clades, with closeness to dicots species such as Arabidopsis thaliana, Citrullus lanatus and Vitis vinifera. GmPAL Gene structure analysis revealed 10 conserved motifs and 2 exons across all genes. Cis-regulatory element analysis highlighted key elements associated with plant growth and development (13 %), hormone signaling (36 %), light responsiveness (37 %), and stress responsiveness (14 %). Synteny analyses revealed 11 segmentally duplicated GmPAL genes, which underwent purifying selection. Furthermore, GmPAL collinearity analyses demonstrated significant homology with dicot species, suggesting a shared evolutionary origin and potential functional conservation. Protein-protein interaction and 3D modeling confirmed GmPAL proteins involvement in phenylpropanoid regulation. Furthermore, 89 gma-miRNAs from 32 different families were predicted that targeted all genes. TF analysis revealed significant associations in stress regulation. GO and KEGG analysis linked GmPAL genes to biological processes and the phenylpropanoid pathway. FPKM-based expression profiling revealed tissue-specific and stress-responsive expression patterns for GmPAL genes, under various conditions. Furthermore, qRT-PCR confirmed diverse expression of all GmPAL genes in soybean leaves under abiotic stresses under cold, heat, drought, salinity, metal ion toxicity, and hormone treatments. Notably, GmPAL3/4/5 and GmPAL7 were significantly upregulated under all stresses, while CdCl₂ uniquely upregulated all GmPAL gene expressions, highlighting their potential for soybean stress resilience studies. This comprehensive study provides valuable insights into the structure, evolution, and functional regulation of GmPAL genes, offering a foundation for future research and their potential application in improving soybean resilience to environmental stresses.
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来源期刊
Plant Stress
Plant Stress PLANT SCIENCES-
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
8.00%
发文量
76
审稿时长
63 days
期刊介绍: The journal Plant Stress deals with plant (or other photoautotrophs, such as algae, cyanobacteria and lichens) responses to abiotic and biotic stress factors that can result in limited growth and productivity. Such responses can be analyzed and described at a physiological, biochemical and molecular level. Experimental approaches/technologies aiming to improve growth and productivity with a potential for downstream validation under stress conditions will also be considered. Both fundamental and applied research manuscripts are welcome, provided that clear mechanistic hypotheses are made and descriptive approaches are avoided. In addition, high-quality review articles will also be considered, provided they follow a critical approach and stimulate thought for future research avenues. Plant Stress welcomes high-quality manuscripts related (but not limited) to interactions between plants and: Lack of water (drought) and excess (flooding), Salinity stress, Elevated temperature and/or low temperature (chilling and freezing), Hypoxia and/or anoxia, Mineral nutrient excess and/or deficiency, Heavy metals and/or metalloids, Plant priming (chemical, biological, physiological, nanomaterial, biostimulant) approaches for improved stress protection, Viral, phytoplasma, bacterial and fungal plant-pathogen interactions. The journal welcomes basic and applied research articles, as well as review articles and short communications. All submitted manuscripts will be subject to a thorough peer-reviewing process.
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