心理健康危机中的主体伤害和警察使用武力

IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q1 LAW
H.L. Joseph , W. Liu , K. Petersen , J. Sheridan-Johnson , B.G. Taylor
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究考察了警察在遭遇心理健康危机(MHC)和非心理健康危机(nMHC)时使用枪支的相对可能性和受试者受伤的严重程度。研究样本来自美国26个大型执法机构(LEAs)的警员涉事枪击(OIS)和警员使用武力(UOF)事件数据集,使用Logistic和序数回归来评估受试者涉事枪击、拒捕、武器使用、醉酒或社会人口因素是否与警员使用枪支和受伤严重程度有关,并比较涉及MHC (N = 1334)和nMHC (N = 2848)的案件。尽管警员使用枪支的风险和受试者受伤的严重程度与MHC呈显著正相关,但在回归中控制了其他预测因子后,MHC和nMHC个体之间的任何结果都没有显著差异。与nMHC的人相比,MHC的人在遇到警察时更有可能拒捕,使用武器,在遇到警察时喝醉酒。有色人种在nMHC中遭受更严重伤害的风险特别高,而在MHC中则不然。此外,醉酒的受试者与MHC中警察使用枪支的风险增加有关,但与nMHC无关。该研究确定了特定人群(如有色人种、患有精神疾病和药物使用共病的人)和特定主体行为(如武器使用)与警察使用枪支和主体受伤的风险增加有关,这些行为在MHC中更有可能发生,因此在警察遭遇时需要进一步保护。研究结果强调,官员接受最佳做法培训至关重要,以确定受试者何时处于MHC状态,实施适当的降级战略,并与精神卫生专业人员合作,以增加精神卫生保健的利用并降低伤害风险。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Subject injury and police use of force in mental health crises
This study examines the relative likelihood of police officer firearm use and severity of subject injury in officer encounters with subjects in mental health crises (MHC) and those not in mental health crises (nMHC). The study sample is from a dataset of officer involved shootings (OIS) and officer use of force (UOF) incidents from 26 large law enforcement agencies (LEAs) in the U.S. Logistic and ordinal regressions were used to assess whether subject UOF, resisting arrest, weapon use, intoxication or sociodemographic factors were related to officer firearm use and severity of subject injury, comparing cases involving MHC (N = 1334) and nMHC (N = 2848). Though the risk of officer firearm use and severity of subject injury were significantly positively correlated with being in MHC, there was no significant difference in either outcome between individuals in MHC and nMHC after controlling for the other predictors in the regressions. Compared to those in nMHC at the time of their encounter with the police, those in MHC were found to be more likely to resist arrest, use a weapon, and be intoxicated during encounters with police. People of color were at uniquely high risk for more severe injury in nMHC but not those in MHC. Additionally, the subject being intoxicated was associated with increased risk of officer firearm use in MHC but not in nMHC. This study identified specific populations (e.g., people of color, those with comorbid mental illness and substance use) and specific subject behaviors (e.g., weapon use) associated with increased risk of officer firearm use and subject injury that are more likely in MHC and warrant further protection during police encounters. Study findings highlight the critical importance that officers receive training in best practices in identifying when a subject is in MHC, implement appropriate de-escalation strategies, and partner with mental health professionals to increase mental health care utilization and decrease risk of harm.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.70
自引率
8.70%
发文量
54
审稿时长
41 days
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Law and Psychiatry is intended to provide a multi-disciplinary forum for the exchange of ideas and information among professionals concerned with the interface of law and psychiatry. There is a growing awareness of the need for exploring the fundamental goals of both the legal and psychiatric systems and the social implications of their interaction. The journal seeks to enhance understanding and cooperation in the field through the varied approaches represented, not only by law and psychiatry, but also by the social sciences and related disciplines.
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