探索巴基斯坦药剂师的职业认同形成：障碍，促成因素和建议。

IF 3.8 4区教育学 Q1 EDUCATION, SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES

American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI:10.1016/j.ajpe.2025.101422

Iqra Hafeez , Rahila Yasmeen , Shabana Ali , Mustafeez Mujtaba Babar

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引用次数: 0

摘要

目标：尽管是全球第三大医疗保健专业团体，药剂师往往与周围的职业身份和角色在医疗保健系统的模糊性。本研究解决了影响药剂师职业认同形成（PIF）因素的数据短缺问题，重点关注巴基斯坦的背景。方法：采用质性探索性设计，对医院、社区药房和制药行业的12名药师进行为期半年的半结构化访谈。对数据进行转录，并在运行两个编码周期后进行主题分析。出现了三个主要主题：巴基斯坦药剂师对职业身份的看法，对职业角色和文化的态度，以及环境对PIF的影响。结果：确定的职业身份形成障碍包括身份分裂、知识不足和缺乏持续专业发展（CPD）机会、缺乏激励和指导计划、工作场所权力动态、与其他医疗保健专业人员的次优互动、医生的负面反馈、制药公司不道德的营销行为以及角色和责任不明确。相反，使能者包括一个支持性的工作环境，平等的学习机会，有效的沟通技巧，对同事的尊重，以及对道德和伦理标准的遵守。结论：该研究强调了PIF对巴基斯坦药剂师的重要性，并呼吁集体努力增强药房劳动力的能力。建议包括纳入教育实践，课程改革和体验式学习，以培养有抱负的药剂师的职业认同。加强职业认同被认为有利于药学专业、教育工作者、监管机构和社区，最终改善患者护理和社区健康。

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Exploring Professional Identity Formation among Pharmacists in Pakistan: Barriers, Enablers, and Recommendations

Objective

Despite being the third-largest health care professional group globally, pharmacists often grapple with ambiguity surrounding their professional identity and role in the health care system. This study addresses the scarcity of data on factors influencing Professional Identity Formation (PIF) among pharmacists, focusing on Pakistan.

Methods

Utilizing a qualitative exploratory design, the researcher conducted semistructured interviews with 12 pharmacists in hospital, community pharmacies, and the pharmaceutical industry over 6 months. The data were transcribed, and thematic analysis was conducted after two coding cycles. Three dominant themes emerged: pharmacists' perceptions of professional identity in Pakistan, attitudes toward professional roles and culture, and contextual influences on PIF.

Results

Barriers to PIF identified include identity splintering, insufficient knowledge and Continuing Professional Development opportunities, absence of incentives and mentorship programs, workplace power dynamics, suboptimal interaction with other health care professionals, negative feedback from physicians, unethical marketing practices by pharmaceutical companies, and unclear roles and responsibilities. Conversely, enablers encompass a supportive working environment, equal learning opportunities, effective communication skills, respect for colleagues, and adherence to moral and ethical standards.

Conclusion

The study emphasizes the significance of PIF for pharmacists in Pakistan and calls for collective efforts to empower and enhance the pharmacy workforce. Recommendations include incorporating educational practices, curricular reforms, and experiential learning to foster professional identity among aspiring pharmacists. Strengthening professional identities is considered beneficial for the pharmacy profession, educators, regulators, and the community, ultimately improving patient care and community health.

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来源期刊

American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 医学-学科教育

CiteScore

4.30

自引率

15.20%

发文量

114

期刊介绍： The Journal accepts unsolicited manuscripts that have not been published and are not under consideration for publication elsewhere. The Journal only considers material related to pharmaceutical education for publication. Authors must prepare manuscripts to conform to the Journal style (Author Instructions). All manuscripts are subject to peer review and approval by the editor prior to acceptance for publication. Reviewers are assigned by the editor with the advice of the editorial board as needed. Manuscripts are submitted and processed online (Submit a Manuscript) using Editorial Manager, an online manuscript tracking system that facilitates communication between the editorial office, editor, associate editors, reviewers, and authors. After a manuscript is accepted, it is scheduled for publication in an upcoming issue of the Journal. All manuscripts are formatted and copyedited, and returned to the author for review and approval of the changes. Approximately 2 weeks prior to publication, the author receives an electronic proof of the article for final review and approval. Authors are not assessed page charges for publication.