Dietary glycemic and insulin indices in association with sleep quality and duration in patients undergoing angiography.

Background and aims: Research examining the relationship between glycemic and insulin indices and sleep quality and duration is scarce and has yielded contradictory results. This study evaluated the relationship between dietary glycemic and insulin indices and the quality and quantity of sleep among adults referred for angiography.

Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 653 participants referred for angiography at Afshar Hospital, Yazd, central Iran. Sleep parameters were evaluated through the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Dietary intakes were assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Binary logistic regression was employed to determine the association between dietary glycemic and insulin indices and sleep quality and quantity among patients with cardiovascular risk factors.

Results: After adjusting for factors including age, sex, energy intake, marital status, education level, occupation, economic condition, body mass index, smoking status, drug addiction, physical activity, depression score, syntax score, diabetes status, and caffeine intake, analyses revealed a significant positive association between the dietary insulin index (DII) and sleep disorders (OR = 2.42; 95%CI: 1.20-4.87, P_trend = 0.003). Additionally, the dietary glycemic index (DGI) was positively associated with sleep latency (OR = 1.81; 95%CI: 1.06-3.10, P_trend = 0.04). No significant relationship was observed between dietary glycemic or insulin load and overall sleep quality or its components.

Conclusion: In conclusion, greater DII might be associated with the odds of sleep disorders. Also, higher DGI was linked to the likelihood of sleep latency among adults undergoing angiography. Further prospective studies are necessary to corroborate our results.