日本动态发育风险因素和青少年风险需求评估

IF 2.5 1区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Journal of Criminal Justice Pub Date : 2025-05-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2025.102433

Akihiro Nasu , Eiji Saito , Kyoko Harada , Ayako Sasaki , Masato Hattori , Takemi Mori

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究旨在确定日本青少年训练学校（JTS）的青少年的风险需求(n = 924；研究1)，研究2)，通过对日本司法部案例评估工具（MJCA）收集的纵向数据进行分析，探讨JTS在康复过程中动态风险因素的变化（研究3），阐明重新评估与释放后再犯的关系（研究3）。研究1表明，JTS青少年的风险需求高于对照组。研究2显示，通过JTS的机构治疗，动态风险因素减少了。研究表明，减少动态危险因素的青少年再犯的可能性更小。MJCA的预测效度从初测到重测一直保持不变。根据经典的犯罪发展模型，大多数少管所的青少年被认为具有发展犯罪生涯的高风险。然而，最近在日本进行的调查和上面提到的结果表明，他们不一定会在一生中重复犯罪。因此，正确评估青少年使用MJCA的风险和需求是至关重要的，并为犯罪高峰年龄的高危青少年提供强化治疗的机会。这将有助于防止这些高危少年成为终身罪犯。

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Dynamic developmental risk factors and juvenile risk-need assessments in Japan

This study aims to identify the risk-need of juveniles referred to the Juvenile Training School (JTS) in Japan (n = 924; research 1), to examine changes in dynamic risk factors through rehabilitation in JTS (research 2), to clarify relationship between reassessment and recidivism after release (research 3), by analyzing longitudinal data collected by an assessment tool called Ministry-of-Justice-Case-Assessment-tool (MJCA) in Japan.

Research 1 showed the risk-need of juveniles in JTS were higher than the control group. Research 2 revealed the dynamic risk factors had reduced through institutional treatment at JTS. Research 3 suggested juveniles reducing dynamic risk factors were less likely to reoffend. Moreover, the predictive validity of MJCA was maintained from the initial assessment through reassessment.

Based on the classical developmental model of delinquency, most juveniles in JTS are supposed to be at high-risk for developing a criminal career. However, recent surveys in Japan and the results mentioned above suggest they would not necessarily repeat offenses throughout their lives.

Hence, it is crucial to properly assess risk and needs of juveniles using MJCA, and provide high-risk juveniles at peak-age of offending with opportunity for an intensive treatment towards reentry. This would help to prevent these high-risk juveniles from becoming Life-Course-Persistent offenders.

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来源期刊

Journal of Criminal Justice CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY-

CiteScore

6.90

自引率

9.10%

发文量

审稿时长

23 days

期刊介绍： The Journal of Criminal Justice is an international journal intended to fill the present need for the dissemination of new information, ideas and methods, to both practitioners and academicians in the criminal justice area. The Journal is concerned with all aspects of the criminal justice system in terms of their relationships to each other. Although materials are presented relating to crime and the individual elements of the criminal justice system, the emphasis of the Journal is to tie together the functioning of these elements and to illustrate the effects of their interactions. Articles that reflect the application of new disciplines or analytical methodologies to the problems of criminal justice are of special interest. Since the purpose of the Journal is to provide a forum for the dissemination of new ideas, new information, and the application of new methods to the problems and functions of the criminal justice system, the Journal emphasizes innovation and creative thought of the highest quality.