Tai Chi-Inspired Solar/Electro-Driven Multimode Cellulose Fabric Heater for All-Day Wearable Thermal Comfort

Wearable heaters promise to maintain personal thermal comfort during sudden changes in climate conditions. However, creating a dual-energy supply and flexible wearable heater with stable and continuous heating that functions effectively remains a significant challenge. We develop a multimode cellulose fabric heater driven by solar and electricity via in situ polymerization and reduction reaction for all-day wearable thermal comfort. The cellulose fabric heater features a strong light absorption of 96% in the solar spectrum, owing to the synergistic effects of graphene oxide (GO) on polyaniline (PANI). The cellulose fabric heater enables superior photothermal performance on a sunny day, and a high surface temperature of 75.2 °C is obtained at the simulated solar light of 600 W m^–2 for 300 s. Due to the high conductivity and stable Joule heating effect of PANI and reduced graphene oxide (rGO), the cellulose fabric heater exhibits exceptional electrothermal performance at night. It reaches an equilibrium temperature of 55.1 °C at 10.0 V for 120 s. The compromised photothermal and electrothermal properties of this heater are achieved on cloudy days, confirming its substantial advantages in all-day wearable heating.