J. Edman-Wallér , J. Andersson , M. Nelson , L. Hallberg , L. Berglund , H. Mellström Dahlgren , O. Lindsjö , V. Müller , J. Stalfors
{"title":"与受污染的水槽和相关管道有关的产esbl的克雷伯氏菌在医院范围内爆发:爆发报告、风险因素分析和质粒制图。","authors":"J. Edman-Wallér , J. Andersson , M. Nelson , L. Hallberg , L. Berglund , H. Mellström Dahlgren , O. Lindsjö , V. Müller , J. Stalfors","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To describe a sink-related outbreak of <em>Klebsiella oxytoca</em> and determine risk factors for acquiring the outbreak strain.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Case–control analysis, environmental sampling from sinks, short-read whole-genome sequencing and long-read whole-genome sequencing of selected isolates.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Whole-genome sequencing revealed genetic clustering of 47 patient cases over 26 months. The outbreak strain (<em>K. oxytoca</em>, sequence type 2, with or without blaCTX-M containing plasmid) was also identified in sinks or adjacent plumbing in four rooms in two wards. After adjustment for age, sex, and length of stay, four significant risk factors for infection or colonization of the outbreak strain were found: age (odds ration (OR) per additional year: 1.03 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00–1.07); length of stay (OR per additional day: 1.04 (95% CI: 1.02–1.08); urinary catheter (OR: 7.65 (95% CI: 2.10–27.8; OR per additional day: 1.06 (95% CI: 1.01–1.12); and diarrhoea (OR: 3.10 (1.03–9.35). Long-read plasmid sequencing revealed strong indications of plasmid transmission from the outbreak strain to other sequence types of <em>K. oxytoca</em>. Multi-faceted interventions were employed, including exchange of sinks strainers, traps, and piping, behavioural interventions, and reinforced cleaning and disinfection. Outbreak control has thus far not been achieved despite interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div><em>K. oxytoca</em> established in sink plumbing biofilm was associated with a prolonged outbreak difficult to control. Age, length of stay, urinary catheter and diarrhoea were risk factors for acquiring the outbreak strain. Both clonal and horizontal transmission occurred.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":"162 ","pages":"Pages 1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A hospital-wide outbreak of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella oxytoca associated with contaminated sinks and associated plumbing: outbreak report, risk factor analysis and plasmid mapping\",\"authors\":\"J. Edman-Wallér , J. Andersson , M. Nelson , L. Hallberg , L. Berglund , H. Mellström Dahlgren , O. Lindsjö , V. Müller , J. Stalfors\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.05.002\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To describe a sink-related outbreak of <em>Klebsiella oxytoca</em> and determine risk factors for acquiring the outbreak strain.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Case–control analysis, environmental sampling from sinks, short-read whole-genome sequencing and long-read whole-genome sequencing of selected isolates.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Whole-genome sequencing revealed genetic clustering of 47 patient cases over 26 months. The outbreak strain (<em>K. oxytoca</em>, sequence type 2, with or without blaCTX-M containing plasmid) was also identified in sinks or adjacent plumbing in four rooms in two wards. After adjustment for age, sex, and length of stay, four significant risk factors for infection or colonization of the outbreak strain were found: age (odds ration (OR) per additional year: 1.03 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00–1.07); length of stay (OR per additional day: 1.04 (95% CI: 1.02–1.08); urinary catheter (OR: 7.65 (95% CI: 2.10–27.8; OR per additional day: 1.06 (95% CI: 1.01–1.12); and diarrhoea (OR: 3.10 (1.03–9.35). Long-read plasmid sequencing revealed strong indications of plasmid transmission from the outbreak strain to other sequence types of <em>K. oxytoca</em>. Multi-faceted interventions were employed, including exchange of sinks strainers, traps, and piping, behavioural interventions, and reinforced cleaning and disinfection. Outbreak control has thus far not been achieved despite interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div><em>K. oxytoca</em> established in sink plumbing biofilm was associated with a prolonged outbreak difficult to control. Age, length of stay, urinary catheter and diarrhoea were risk factors for acquiring the outbreak strain. Both clonal and horizontal transmission occurred.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":54806,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Hospital Infection\",\"volume\":\"162 \",\"pages\":\"Pages 1-8\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-18\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Hospital Infection\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670125001409\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"INFECTIOUS DISEASES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Hospital Infection","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670125001409","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}
A hospital-wide outbreak of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella oxytoca associated with contaminated sinks and associated plumbing: outbreak report, risk factor analysis and plasmid mapping
Aim
To describe a sink-related outbreak of Klebsiella oxytoca and determine risk factors for acquiring the outbreak strain.
Methods
Case–control analysis, environmental sampling from sinks, short-read whole-genome sequencing and long-read whole-genome sequencing of selected isolates.
Findings
Whole-genome sequencing revealed genetic clustering of 47 patient cases over 26 months. The outbreak strain (K. oxytoca, sequence type 2, with or without blaCTX-M containing plasmid) was also identified in sinks or adjacent plumbing in four rooms in two wards. After adjustment for age, sex, and length of stay, four significant risk factors for infection or colonization of the outbreak strain were found: age (odds ration (OR) per additional year: 1.03 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00–1.07); length of stay (OR per additional day: 1.04 (95% CI: 1.02–1.08); urinary catheter (OR: 7.65 (95% CI: 2.10–27.8; OR per additional day: 1.06 (95% CI: 1.01–1.12); and diarrhoea (OR: 3.10 (1.03–9.35). Long-read plasmid sequencing revealed strong indications of plasmid transmission from the outbreak strain to other sequence types of K. oxytoca. Multi-faceted interventions were employed, including exchange of sinks strainers, traps, and piping, behavioural interventions, and reinforced cleaning and disinfection. Outbreak control has thus far not been achieved despite interventions.
Conclusions
K. oxytoca established in sink plumbing biofilm was associated with a prolonged outbreak difficult to control. Age, length of stay, urinary catheter and diarrhoea were risk factors for acquiring the outbreak strain. Both clonal and horizontal transmission occurred.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of Hospital Infection is the editorially independent scientific publication of the Healthcare Infection Society. The aim of the Journal is to publish high quality research and information relating to infection prevention and control that is relevant to an international audience.
The Journal welcomes submissions that relate to all aspects of infection prevention and control in healthcare settings. This includes submissions that:
provide new insight into the epidemiology, surveillance, or prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance in healthcare settings;
provide new insight into cleaning, disinfection and decontamination;
provide new insight into the design of healthcare premises;
describe novel aspects of outbreaks of infection;
throw light on techniques for effective antimicrobial stewardship;
describe novel techniques (laboratory-based or point of care) for the detection of infection or antimicrobial resistance in the healthcare setting, particularly if these can be used to facilitate infection prevention and control;
improve understanding of the motivations of safe healthcare behaviour, or describe techniques for achieving behavioural and cultural change;
improve understanding of the use of IT systems in infection surveillance and prevention and control.