化疗引起的癌症患者口腔变化:尼日利亚三级卫生机构的患病率、类型和危险因素。

Q4 Medicine
West African journal of medicine Pub Date : 2024-12-30
I K Mogaji, F J Owotade, R A Bolarinwa, E O Oyetola, O M Adesina
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:化疗引起的口腔改变是化疗后常见的并发症。这些并发症在临床实践中往往得不到重视,特别是在尼日利亚等资源有限的国家。然而,它们会影响患者的生活质量和整体治疗结果。本研究确定了化疗引起的口腔改变的患病率和类型,化疗药物与口腔改变的关系,以及相关的危险因素。方法:在尼日利亚奥松州Obafemi Awolowo大学口腔医学和口腔病理学系设计了一项采用方便抽样方法的分析横断面研究。对82名6岁及以上在该院儿科、血液科和外科接受癌症化疗的患者的口腔进行了与化疗相关的病理检查。结果:出现发音困难60例(73.17%),口腔疼痛47例(57.32%),口腔黏膜炎44例(53.66%)。44例(100%)OM患者中有42例(95.45%)有口腔疼痛(p < 0.001), 41例(93.18%)有发音困难(p < 0.001), 31例(70.45%)有真菌感染(p = 0.002)。以甲氨蝶呤为基础的方案(MBR)对口腔改变的影响最大,12人中有11人(91.67%)出现发音困难(p≤0.001),11人(91.67%)出现口腔疼痛(p=0.073), 10人(83.33%)出现粘膜炎(p=0.012)。年龄与口腔变化无关(p= 0.755),同样与癌症持续时间(p=0.483)和癌症类型(p=0.353)无关。多因素分析发现,粘膜毒性药物(OR 3.6, CI 1.37, 9.19, p=0.009)和实体肿瘤(OR 2.5, CI 1.04, 6.02, p=0.040)是严重OM的危险因素。结论:化疗引起的口腔改变在癌症患者中普遍存在。粘膜毒性药物和实体肿瘤是严重粘膜炎的危险因素。早期识别和确定口腔护理策略的优先顺序对于改善生活质量和治疗结果至关重要,特别是在资源有限的环境中。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Changes in Cancer Patients: Prevalence, Types, and Risk Factors in a Nigerian Tertiary Health Facility.

Background: Chemotherapy-induced oral changes are common complications after receiving chemotherapy. These complications are often not prioritized in clinical practice, particularly in resource-limited settings like Nigeria. However, they impact patients' quality of life and overall treatment outcomes This study determined the prevalence and types of chemotherapy-induced oral changes, the relationship between chemotherapeutic agents and oral changes, and the associated risk factors.

Methods: An analytical cross-sectional study with a convenience sampling method was designed at the Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Pathology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Osun State, Nigeria. The oral cavity of 82 patients aged 6 years and above who received cancer chemotherapy at the Paediatric Medicine, Haematology, and Surgical Units of the hospital were examined for pathologies associated with chemotherapy.

Results: Dysgeusia was present in 60 (73.17%), oral pain in 47 (57.32%), and oral mucositis (OM) in 44 (53.66%). Forty-two (95.45%) of the total 44 (100%) persons with OM complained of oral pain (p < 0.001), 41 (93.18%) had dysgeusia (p < 0.001), and 31 (70.45%) had fungal infection (p = 0.002). Methotrexate based regimens (MBR) were the most involved in oral changes, with 11 (91.67%) out of 12 having dysgeusia (p ≤ 0.001), 11 (91.67%) had oral pain(p=0.073), and 10 (83.33%) had mucositis (p=0.012). Age was not associated with oral changes (p =0.755), likewise cancer duration (p=0.483) and type of cancer (p=0.353). Multivariate analysis identified mucotoxic drugs (OR 3.6, CI 1.37, 9.19, p=0.009) and solid tumours (OR 2.5, CI 1.04, 6.02, p=0.040) as risk factors for severe OM.

Conclusion: Chemotherapy-induced oral changes are prevalent among patients with cancer. Mucotoxic agents and solid tumours are risk factors for severe mucositis. Early identification and prioritizing of oral care strategies are crucial to improving quality of life and treatment outcomes, particularly in resource-limited settings.

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West African journal of medicine
West African journal of medicine Medicine-Medicine (all)
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