Cryptic Mutation in the Genome of Salmonella enterica to Acquire AMR Genes With Alteration of Amino Acid Sequences: A Pathogenomics Study.

The Mahanadi river is a freshwater sink of Odisha which has taken its course through the Western Odisha and finally end in the Bay of Bengal. However, the river water is receiving pathogenic bacterial strains due to anthropogenic activities and therefore health of the common man is severely affected with regular outbreaks. This present pursuit had aimed to carry out pathogenomics of a bacterial isolate perpetuating in the said river water near a local tertiary care hospital, Burla, Odisha, India. Relevant procedures and experiments were carried out, and a strain of Salmonella enterica was identified. The whole genome of said isolate was sequenced using NGS approaches. It was observed that there was alteration of amino acids leading genome with acquire of AMR genes. There was a change in nucleotide codon from CTA reversed back to CTA, amino acid from I > P, position in contig, 143183-146332 at node 15, and the eluted gene was acrB with identity 99.97%. In addition, AGC reversed back to ACC amino acid from T > S at node 17 position in contig, with elution of genes, pmrA (109013-10968) and pmrB (109691-110761) in contig. It was further observed that there was depiction of nucleotide codon change from ATG to ACG, GTC to GCC, GGC to AGC, GTA to ATA, ATT to GTT, and GCG to ACG. As a result of which, methionine to threonine (M > T), valine to alanine (V > A), glycine to serine (G > S), valine to isoleucine (V > I), isoleucine to valine (I > V), and alanine to threonine (A > T) were changed without any change in respect to AMR gene consociation.