Pre-invasive Lesion of Cervix Among Healthy and Immune Compromised Individuals Using Histopathological Examination: A Hospital Based Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Cervical cancer is the one of the most constantly diagnosed and leading cause of cancer death in women, with an estimated 604,000 new cases and 342,000 deaths worldwide. One woman dies of cervical cancer every 9 min in India. Despite its high incidence, the knowledge and awareness regarding cervical cancer and its screening is limited. This study aims to estimate the proportion of preinvasive lesions of cervix among healthy and immunocompromised individuals.

Methods: An observative cross-sectional study done in a tertiary care centre from January 2021 to June 2022 among 250 normal and 250 immunocompromised individual's attending tertiary care centre. Coloscopy guided biopsy was taken for histopathological examination after informed and written consent.

Results: The proportion of preinvasive lesion of cervix among 500 individuals is 8.2% (41). The proportion of preinvasive lesion among normal individuals is 5.2% (13) and among immunocompromised individual is 11.2% (28). Most of the positive cases, 46% (19) were seen in women with more than two children. 75% (31) of positive cases were seen in women who had their first coitus at age less than 21 yrs. 87.8% of positive cases were seen in women not using any method of contraception.

Conclusion: Preinvasive lesions are more common in immune compromised and it is precisely clear that all women must undergo cervical cancer screening as cervical cancer is the most common among women. "Prevention is better than cure"-Screening and early treatment of preinvasive lesion is cost-effective way to prevent cancer cervix.