Investigating the Effect of Endometrial Thickness Changes and Compaction on the Fertility Rate of Patients Undergoing ART: A Prospective Study.

Background: Today, the thickness of the endometrium as a key factor plays an important role in pregnancy outcomes of infertile patients. Based on this, it has been shown that endometrial compaction affects fertility success in patients. In this study, the impact of endometrial compaction on pregnancy outcomes (assisted reproductive technology) has been evaluated.

Material and methods: This prospective cohort study included 253 patients undergoing embryo transfer, who referred to the infertility center of Shariati Hospital in Tehran during 2021-2022. They were examined from the point of relationship between endometrial thickness changes and fertility rate in frozen embryo transfer and fresh cycles. After preparing the endometrium, the thickness was evaluated using ultrasound.

Result: The results showed that the percentage of chemical and clinical pregnancy in the compact group was higher compared to the non-compact one, which was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The rate of pregnancy in four groups of 5, 10, 15, and %20 compaction was 77(30.4%), 49(19.4%), 28(11.1%), and 14(5.5%), respectively.

Conclusion: Finally, endometrial compaction can be associated with an increase in chemical and clinical pregnancy rate in infertile patients. In addition, secondary thickness has predictive value for clinical pregnancy.