锌缺乏可能与免疫衰老和年龄相关疾病有关。

IF 5.2 2区 医学 Q1 GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY
Michael Tobias Schulz, Lothar Rink
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引用次数: 0

摘要

随着全球预期寿命的增加,研究揭示了衰老的一个关键挑战:免疫功能的逐渐恶化,称为免疫衰老。这种与年龄相关的免疫衰退的特征是免疫反应的复杂失调,这使得老年人越来越容易受到感染、慢性炎症状态和各种退行性疾病的影响。如果不进行干预,免疫衰老会显著增加老年人的发病率和死亡率,加重个人和社会层面的医疗负担,降低生活质量。本文探讨了锌作为一种对免疫健康至关重要的微量元素,在减轻免疫衰老的影响和减缓与衰老相关的免疫功能障碍级联反应中的重要作用。通过调节关键免疫细胞和途径的活性,锌补充剂成为增强免疫力、减少氧化应激和对抗“炎症”(一种加速组织损伤和推动疾病进展的慢性、低度炎症状态)的一种有希望的方法。锌参与免疫系统的细胞防御和修复机制,突出了其增强免疫细胞功能、恢复力和适应性的能力,增强了身体对感染的抵抗力和管理导致衰老疾病的压力源的能力。事实上,锌已经被证明有潜力改善免疫反应,减少炎症,并减轻与年龄有关的疾病的风险,包括糖尿病,抑郁症,心血管疾病和视力丧失。考虑到老年人摄入足够锌的普遍障碍,包括饮食限制、吸收减少以及与药物的相互作用,本综述强调了解决老年人缺锌问题的迫切需要。最近关于锌对免疫健康的细胞和分子影响的研究表明,锌补充剂是一种实用的、可获得的干预措施,可支持更健康的老龄化和提高生活质量。通过将锌纳入有针对性的战略,公共卫生工作不仅可以维持老年人的免疫力,还可以延长健康寿命,降低医疗成本,并有可能减轻慢性疾病的发病率和影响,这些疾病给全球医疗系统带来了压力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Zinc deficiency as possible link between immunosenescence and age-related diseases.

As global life expectancy increases, research reveals a critical challenge in aging: the progressive deterioration of immune function, termed immunosenescence. This age-related immune decline is characterized by a complex dysregulation of immune responses, which leaves older adults increasingly vulnerable to infections, chronic inflammatory states, and various degenerative diseases. Without intervention, immunosenescence significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality among the elderly, intensifying healthcare burdens and diminishing quality of life on both individual and societal levels. This review explores the essential role of zinc, a trace element critical for immune health, in mitigating the impact of immunosenescence and slowing the cascade of immunological dysfunctions associated with aging. By modulating the activity of key immune cells and pathways, zinc supplementation emerges as a promising approach to strengthen immunity, reduce oxidative stress, and counteract "inflammaging," a state of chronic, low-grade inflammation that accelerates tissue damage and drives disease progression. Zinc's involvement in cellular defense and repair mechanisms across the immune system highlights its ability to enhance immune cell functionality, resilience, and adaptability, strengthening the body's resistance to infection and its ability to manage stressors that contribute to diseases of aging. Indeed, zinc has demonstrated potential to improve immune responses, decrease inflammation, and mitigate the risk of age-related conditions including diabetes, depression, cardiovascular disease, and vision loss. Given the prevalent barriers to adequate zinc intake among older adults, including dietary limitations, decreased absorption, and interactions with medications, this review underscores the urgent need to address zinc deficiency in aging populations. Recent findings on zinc's cellular and molecular effects on immune health present zinc supplementation as a practical, accessible intervention for supporting healthier aging and improving quality of life. By integrating zinc into targeted strategies, public health efforts may not only sustain immunity in the elderly but also extend healthy longevity, reduce healthcare costs, and potentially mitigate the incidence and impact of chronic diseases that strain healthcare systems worldwide.

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来源期刊
Immunity & Ageing
Immunity & Ageing GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY-IMMUNOLOGY
CiteScore
10.20
自引率
3.80%
发文量
55
期刊介绍: Immunity & Ageing is a specialist open access journal that was first published in 2004. The journal focuses on the impact of ageing on immune systems, the influence of aged immune systems on organismal well-being and longevity, age-associated diseases with immune etiology, and potential immune interventions to increase health span. All articles published in Immunity & Ageing are indexed in the following databases: Biological Abstracts, BIOSIS, CAS, Citebase, DOAJ, Embase, Google Scholar, Journal Citation Reports/Science Edition, OAIster, PubMed, PubMed Central, Science Citation Index Expanded, SCImago, Scopus, SOCOLAR, and Zetoc.
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