[Water Resource Conservation and Intensive Utilization Capability of Cities in the Middle and Lower Reaches of the Yellow River Basin].

This evaluation index system was constructed from three aspects of water resources, socio-economics, and ecological environment, using the entropy weight method and TOPSIS model to comprehensively evaluate the water resources saving and intensive utilization capacity of 29 cities in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin from 2017 to 2021 and identifies the main factors that constrain the improvement of the water resources saving and intensive utilization capacity of the cities in the study area through the diagnostic model for the obstacle factors. The results showed that the capacity of 29 cities to conserve and intensively utilize water resources was generally in the "poor" grade but also showed a fluctuating trend of growth； the main factors affecting the capacity of cities to conserve and intensively utilize water resources were per capita water resources, effective irrigated area of farmland, utilization of reclaimed water, per capita daily water consumption for daily use, and the proportion of water used for agricultural purposes. Based on the above findings, measures to enhance the capacity of water conservation and intensive utilization of 29 cities are proposed.