Customized filamentation in nonlinear metamaterials

This study examines the propagation dynamics of a hollow Gaussian beam as it traverses a nonlinear metamaterial, with a focus on filamentation dynamics. Our analysis is grounded in the nonlinear Schrödinger model, which incorporates both cubic and quintic nonlinear effects as the governing propagation equation. Through a linear stability analysis, we delineate the filamentation region and investigate its properties under diverse combinations of nonlinearities. Additionally, numerical simulations are employed to explore the emergence of annular soliton clusters resulting from filamentation. Leveraging the extraordinary properties of metamaterials, which allow for precise control over material parameters, we explore the possibility of designing nonlinear parameters to create customized filaments with tailored characteristics. This approach opens new avenues for controlling light–matter interactions, enabling innovative optical phenomena with applications in nonlinear optics.