Heat and mass transport on ciliated walls of a curved heated channel driven by metachronal waves in micropolar fluids under the influence of viscous dissipation

This study investigates the heat and mass transport characteristics in micropolar fluids confined within a curved heated channel with ciliated walls, driven by metachronal wave-induced motion. This study focuses on examining how viscous dissipation influences the transport of an electroconductive micropolar fluid driven by cilia in a curved channel with a geometry shaped like a metachronal wave. The wave patterns are designed to maintain a consistent distribution of temperature and concentration along both walls. Governing equations account for the effects of viscous dissipation along with Soret and Dufour effects which play key roles in thermal and solutal transport processes. The influences of Brinkman number, magnetic field, and coupling number are also considered. The lubrication approximation forms the basis for problem formulation which is then numerically solved with the Chebyshev collocation scheme. The findings indicated that the axial velocity diminishes as the micropolar parameter, curvature parameter, and magnetic field strength increase. However, the coupling number notably contributes to a significant rise in axial velocity. The results provide important insights for biological and industrial systems where small-scale fluid flow and energy loss play a key role, such as in cilia-driven transport, lab-on-chip devices, and cooling systems.