Chiara Boncristiani, Alessia Di Gilio, Federica De Castro, Alessandra Nardini, Jolanda Palmisani, Rebeca Martínez Vázquez, Gianluigi de Gennaro, Francesco Paolo Fanizzi, Giuseppe Ciccarella and Viviana Vergaro
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Recent advances in 3D models for multiparametric blood–brain barrier detection in microfluidic systems
Microfluidics has emerged as a valuable technology for modeling the blood–brain barrier (BBB) to study physiological or pathological conditions and plays an important role in neuroscience and pharmaceutical research. Here we discuss the recent advances and the potential application of microfluidic-based systems, because these models, unlike 2D, Transwell and organ-on-chip, accurately mimic the physiological characteristics of the BBB. This review also provides outlooks on the integration of chemical sensors for evaluating BBB models through electrochemical sensors, chemical sensors using MIPs and metabolomic detection, in terms of internal and secreted metabolites. This integration is useful to gain new insights for improving cerebral vascular interventional therapies and discovering new diagnostic tools for clinical practice. Finally, the challenges and future prospects for advancing microfluidics-based BBB systems in neuroscience research are discussed and proposed, particularly regarding new opportunities in multi-disciplinary fundamental research and therapeutic applications for a broader range of disease treatments.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Materials Chemistry A, B & C cover high quality studies across all fields of materials chemistry. The journals focus on those theoretical or experimental studies that report new understanding, applications, properties and synthesis of materials. Journal of Materials Chemistry A, B & C are separated by the intended application of the material studied. Broadly, applications in energy and sustainability are of interest to Journal of Materials Chemistry A, applications in biology and medicine are of interest to Journal of Materials Chemistry B, and applications in optical, magnetic and electronic devices are of interest to Journal of Materials Chemistry C.Journal of Materials Chemistry B is a Transformative Journal and Plan S compliant. Example topic areas within the scope of Journal of Materials Chemistry B are listed below. This list is neither exhaustive nor exclusive:
Antifouling coatings
Biocompatible materials
Bioelectronics
Bioimaging
Biomimetics
Biomineralisation
Bionics
Biosensors
Diagnostics
Drug delivery
Gene delivery
Immunobiology
Nanomedicine
Regenerative medicine & Tissue engineering
Scaffolds
Soft robotics
Stem cells
Therapeutic devices