营养保健品:利用食物通过调节动物模型和患者群体的产后神经发生来增强大脑健康。

IF 5.4 2区 医学 Q1 CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING
Jun Ong, Qingqing Wu, Kazunori Sasaki, Hiroko Isoda, Francis G Szele
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引用次数: 0

摘要

成人海马神经发生虽然贯穿一生,但随着年龄增长和某些神经退行性疾病而减少。由于海马神经发生的减少与认知能力下降有关,人们已经努力通过天然化合物、环境干预或新的药物化合物来提高神经发生的水平。营养保健品是具有抗氧化、抗炎症或神经保护等医疗功效的食品。近年来,人们对这些“功能性食品”及其活性化合物越来越感兴趣,它们为新药物提供了天然替代品。这篇综述强调了促进神经发生和/或改善认知结果的关键营养药品。通过概述这些化合物在动物模型和临床人群中的作用,我们还建议进一步的研究。我们检查共同的目标和途径,通过这些营养保健品被认为发挥神经原性作用。大多数营养制剂含有多种成分,其中任何一种都可能对神经发生产生影响。确定营养保健品中的关键活性化合物可以使研究人员更好地了解它们的作用,并在研究中标准化剂量。对营养保健品不那么严格的监管要求可能是一把双刃剑。虽然更容易获得有益的效果,但高剂量的这些化合物可能会产生有害的影响。因此,该领域的研究不仅应旨在确定这些化合物的益处,而且应确定其有效和安全的剂量。我们的目标是提供对营养保健品的理解,为其对神经发生和神经发生相关行为的益处提供证据,最后总结潜在的机制并帮助指导未来的工作。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Nutraceuticals: using food to enhance brain health by modulating postnatal neurogenesis in animal models and patient populations.

Adult hippocampal neurogenesis, while occurring throughout life, decreases with age and in some neurodegenerative diseases. As decreased hippocampal neurogenesis is correlated with cognitive decline, efforts have been made to increase levels of neurogenesis, either through natural compounds, environmental interventions or novel pharmacological compounds. Nutraceuticals are food products with medical benefits such as antioxidation, anti-inflammation or neuroprotection. There has been increasing interest in these "functional foods" and their active compounds in recent years, providing natural alternatives to de novo pharmaceuticals. This review highlights key nutraceuticals that promote neurogenesis and/or improve cognitive outcomes. By outlining the effects of these compounds in the animal models employed and in clinical populations, we also suggest further investigations. We examine common targets and pathways through which these nutraceuticals are believed to exert pro-neurogenic effects. Most nutraceutical preparations contain multiple components, any of which may exert effects on neurogenesis. Identifying key active compounds in nutraceuticals may enable researchers to better understand their effects and standardize doses across studies. The less stringent regulatory requirements for nutraceuticals can be a double-edged sword. While allowing easier access to the beneficial effects, higher doses of these compounds may have detrimental effects. Hence, research in this field should not only aim to identify the benefits of these compounds but also to identify efficacious and safe dosages for them. Our aims are to provide understanding of nutraceuticals, provide evidence for their benefits on neurogenesis and neurogenesis-related behaviors and finally to summarize potential mechanisms and help guide future work.

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来源期刊
Stem Cells Translational Medicine
Stem Cells Translational Medicine CELL & TISSUE ENGINEERING-
CiteScore
12.90
自引率
3.30%
发文量
140
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: STEM CELLS Translational Medicine is a monthly, peer-reviewed, largely online, open access journal. STEM CELLS Translational Medicine works to advance the utilization of cells for clinical therapy. By bridging stem cell molecular and biological research and helping speed translations of emerging lab discoveries into clinical trials, STEM CELLS Translational Medicine will help move applications of these critical investigations closer to accepted best patient practices and ultimately improve outcomes. The journal encourages original research articles and concise reviews describing laboratory investigations of stem cells, including their characterization and manipulation, and the translation of their clinical aspects of from the bench to patient care. STEM CELLS Translational Medicine covers all aspects of translational cell studies, including bench research, first-in-human case studies, and relevant clinical trials.
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