Individualized intervention and growth dynamics assessment in TRAP sequence with conjoined twins based on radiofrequency ablation.

Background: Twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence with conjoined twins (CTs) represents an exceedingly rare and critical complication in monochorionic monoamniotic (MCMA) twin pregnancies. High mortality rates are associated with this condition, making early diagnosis and management crucial for improving survival outcomes, particularly for the pump twin.

Case presentation: This case report focuses on a unique instance of TRAP-associated CTs, diagnosed at 13 weeks and 1 day of gestation. Management involved detailed ultrasonography and radiofrequency ablation (RFA) at 18 weeks and 5 days to interrupt the blood supply to the non-viable acardiac twin. This intervention allowed the pump twin to continue normal development, culminating in a cesarean delivery at 35 weeks and 1 day. The newborn showed a healthy postnatal outcome with no significant neurodevelopmental deficits noted at follow-up.

Conclusions: Early identification and tailored intervention are essential in cases of TRAP sequence associated with conjoined twins. This case exemplifies the potential of integrated multidisciplinary approaches and timely use of RFA, which significantly enhance the prognosis for the viable twin. These strategies are vital for managing complex MCMA pregnancies and can inform future clinical practices.