{"title":"政府应该促进还是抑制城市化?","authors":"Wenbin Wu , Wei You","doi":"10.1016/j.jinteco.2025.104084","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In a system of cities model that incorporates urban externalities, equilibrium city sizes deviate from optimal city sizes, which suggests a role for government intervention. Using a general equilibrium framework that incorporates agglomeration benefits and costs and that is calibrated to data from China between 2000 and 2020, we show that it is generally welfare-reducing to control city sizes through internal migration restrictions since the frictions they introduce outweigh the benefits of correcting for city size deviations. However, we also find that most large Chinese cities have already surpassed the optimal sizes from their local perspective, so without controlling city sizes, the average welfare of city residents would decrease. This suggests that a combination of policies is needed to both improve aggregate welfare and alleviate the distributional consequences for a rapidly urbanizing country.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16276,"journal":{"name":"Journal of International Economics","volume":"155 ","pages":"Article 104084"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Should governments promote or restrain urbanization?\",\"authors\":\"Wenbin Wu , Wei You\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.jinteco.2025.104084\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>In a system of cities model that incorporates urban externalities, equilibrium city sizes deviate from optimal city sizes, which suggests a role for government intervention. Using a general equilibrium framework that incorporates agglomeration benefits and costs and that is calibrated to data from China between 2000 and 2020, we show that it is generally welfare-reducing to control city sizes through internal migration restrictions since the frictions they introduce outweigh the benefits of correcting for city size deviations. However, we also find that most large Chinese cities have already surpassed the optimal sizes from their local perspective, so without controlling city sizes, the average welfare of city residents would decrease. This suggests that a combination of policies is needed to both improve aggregate welfare and alleviate the distributional consequences for a rapidly urbanizing country.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":16276,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of International Economics\",\"volume\":\"155 \",\"pages\":\"Article 104084\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of International Economics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"96\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022199625000406\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"经济学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ECONOMICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of International Economics","FirstCategoryId":"96","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022199625000406","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ECONOMICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
Should governments promote or restrain urbanization?
In a system of cities model that incorporates urban externalities, equilibrium city sizes deviate from optimal city sizes, which suggests a role for government intervention. Using a general equilibrium framework that incorporates agglomeration benefits and costs and that is calibrated to data from China between 2000 and 2020, we show that it is generally welfare-reducing to control city sizes through internal migration restrictions since the frictions they introduce outweigh the benefits of correcting for city size deviations. However, we also find that most large Chinese cities have already surpassed the optimal sizes from their local perspective, so without controlling city sizes, the average welfare of city residents would decrease. This suggests that a combination of policies is needed to both improve aggregate welfare and alleviate the distributional consequences for a rapidly urbanizing country.
期刊介绍:
The Journal of International Economics is intended to serve as the primary outlet for theoretical and empirical research in all areas of international economics. These include, but are not limited to the following: trade patterns, commercial policy; international institutions; exchange rates; open economy macroeconomics; international finance; international factor mobility. The Journal especially encourages the submission of articles which are empirical in nature, or deal with issues of open economy macroeconomics and international finance. Theoretical work submitted to the Journal should be original in its motivation or modelling structure. Empirical analysis should be based on a theoretical framework, and should be capable of replication.