Augmented reality and ultrasonic sensor-based tool for rebar inspection on construction sites

The traditional inspection of reinforcing steel bars (rebar) in construction often suffers from inaccuracies, inefficiencies, and challenges posed by environmental factors, leading to project delays and increased costs. This paper presents a method for improving rebar inspection by integrating Augmented Reality (AR), Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, and Building Information Modeling (BIM). The paper introduces an AR-based tool equipped with low-cost ultrasonic sensors, which automates the rebar counting process and provides real-time data visualization. The tool addresses key limitations in traditional inspection workflows by reducing human error and enhancing data reliability. Experimental results from conceptual on-site tests demonstrate significant improvements in inspection accuracy, workflow efficiency, and user engagement. This approach offers a cost-effective, scalable solution adaptable to various project sizes, contributing to the advancement of digital technologies in the construction industry and accelerating the adoption of Construction 4.0.