揭示碱处理亚麻和松果纤维增强聚乳酸(PLA)复合材料的机械、形态和热特性:制造和表征

IF 3.5 4区 工程技术 Q3 ENERGY & FUELS
Abhranil Banerjee, Kanishka Jha, Rajeev Kumar, Shubham Sharma, Sanjay Mavinkere Rangappa, Suchart Siengchin, S. K. Joshi, Abhinav Kumar, Mohamed Abbas
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引用次数: 0

摘要

最近,由于有关回收和保护自然资源的重要对话,人们对生物材料的兴趣重新抬头,强调生物可降解性。本文采用压缩成型技术制备了天然纤维增强聚乳酸(PLA)复合材料。亚麻和松果纤维为增强纤维,聚乳酸为粘结材料。在这项研究中,复合材料被制成三种组合,90:10,80:20和70:30的基质-增强比。对天然纤维外表面的木质素-半纤维素和纤维素进行了碱性脱除。FTIR和TGA研究表明,碱性处理是成功的。在约3300 cm−1处出现的宽频带充分证明了纤维素中游离OH基团的存在。相反,在2900 cm−1处可以观察到C-H吸收带。经过NaOH处理的纤维在1800 cm−1处峰消失,这表明木质素和半纤维素含量减少。两种纤维在40 ~ 700℃发生热降解。在图9a中,亚麻和松果的TGA图显示了天然纤维的两个主要降解温度峰或两个关键降解阶段。仔细检查,一级温度为260-290°C,二级温度为380-400°C。第二个肩峰反映纤维素和木质素的分解,而第一个肩峰代表半纤维素的降解。亚麻和松果纤维的降解分别使其失重72%和76%。两种样品在490-510℃下完全分解,如图9a所示。样品在250°C以上开始时表现出相当大的劣化。测温图显示,在此温度以上,样品的热稳定性不断降低。第一步(260-290°C)涉及半纤维素和果胶的热降解,与纤维负载相当,但吸热增加了35°C。阶段2发生在294-390°C。第三阶段(390-429°C)涉及木质素分解,相对于未改性的样品,吸热率上升28°C。第四阶段发生完全燃烧和灰转化。扫描电镜分析表明,碱处理使纤维表面粗糙度提高。在力学性能方面,该复合材料具有较高的抗拉强度,其基强比为80:20,亚麻纤维含量为14%,松果纤维含量为6%。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Unveiling of mechanical, morphological, and thermal characteristics of alkali-treated flax and pine cone fiber-reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) composites: fabrication and characterizations

Recently, there has been a resurgence of interest in biomaterials with an emphasis on biodegradability due to the crucial conversation regarding recycling and the preservation of natural resources. In this research work, the natural fiber reinforced with polylactic acid (PLA) composites was fabricated using the compression molding technique. The flax and pine cone fibers are the reinforcements, whereas PLA is the binding material. In this investigation, composites were fabricated in three combinations, 90:10, 80:20, and 70:30 matrix-reinforcement ratios. An alkaline treatment was carried out to get rid of lignin—hemicellulose and cellulose from the outer surface of the natural fibers. The FTIR and TGA studies revealed that the alkaline treatment was successful. The presence of cellulose with free OH groups is substantially evidenced by the broad band that arose at approximately 3300 cm−1. Conversely, the C-H absorption band can be observed at 2900 cm−1. The NaOH treatment of the treated fibers results in the disappearance of the peak at 1800 cm−1, which is indicative of a reduction in lignin, and hemicellulosic content. Thermal degradation of both fibers occurred from 40 to 700 °C. In Fig. 9a, the flax and pine cone TGA plot shows two major degradation temperature peaks or two crucial degradation phases of natural fibers. When closely examined, stage 1 is 260–290 °C, and stage 2 is 380–400 °C. The second shoulder peak reflects cellulose, and lignin breakdown, whereas the first shoulder peak represents hemicellulose degradation. There were 72 and 76 wt% weight losses from flax and pine cone fiber degradation. Both samples decompose completely at 490–510 °C, as shown in Fig. 9a. The samples exhibited considerable deterioration beyond 250 °C at the start. The thermometric graphs revealed a continual reduction in sample thermal stability above this temperature. The initial step (260–290 °C) involved thermal degradation of hemicellulose, and pectin, comparable to fiber loading but with a 35 °C heat absorption increase. Stage 2 occurred at 294–390 °C. The third stage (390–429 °C) involved lignin breakdown and illustrated a 28 °C rise in heat absorption relative to unmodified samples. Complete combustion and ash conversion occurred in stage four. The scanning electron microscope analysis reveals that the alkaline treatment has produced a better surface roughness for the fibers. As far as mechanical properties are concerned, the composite, a combination with an 80:20 matrix-reinforcement ratio having 14% flax and 6% pine cone fibers, has exhibited higher tensile strength as compared to others.

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来源期刊
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery Energy-Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
15.00%
发文量
1358
期刊介绍: Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery presents articles and information on research, development and applications in thermo-chemical conversion; physico-chemical conversion and bio-chemical conversion, including all necessary steps for the provision and preparation of the biomass as well as all possible downstream processing steps for the environmentally sound and economically viable provision of energy and chemical products.
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