Addressing the green space management challenges of the Park City in China: How can nature-based solutions contribute?

This study aims to explore the potential of nature-based solutions (NBS) in the process of urban transition, addressing key challenges in green space management, such as insufficient ecosystem services and unequal distribution of public resources. Adopting a systematic literature review approach, this research synthesizes theoretical, technical, and practical advancements related to NBS and green space management. It particularly focuses on the recent implementation of the Park City initiative in China, constructing a conceptual framework and discussing its implications for urban development in other countries. The findings indicate that NBS can effectively integrate blue-green infrastructure across different spatial scales, including suburban areas, built-up zones, and historical urban districts. NBS has demonstrated significant advantages in optimizing ecological quality, enhancing the co-benefits of green spaces, and promoting public engagement. Moreover, data-driven dynamic monitoring and simulation can improve the flexibility of resource allocation and spatial management. However, empirical research on long-term effectiveness assessment, localized quantitative evaluation and cross-cultural adaptability of NBS remains limited. Given China's unique political and socio-cultural context, the Park City initiative facilitates the rapid transformation of green spaces, yet its broad applicability depends on a comprehensive framework that integrates policy support, technological innovation, and active public participation. This study provides scientific insights for broader urban sustainability transitions and offers valuable references for green space management reforms and innovations in other developing countries.