Bruna S Mussoi, A'Diva Warren, Jordin Benedict, Serena Sereki, Julia Jones Huyck
{"title":"行为和电生理光谱处理对年轻人和老年人退化言语感知的贡献。","authors":"Bruna S Mussoi, A'Diva Warren, Jordin Benedict, Serena Sereki, Julia Jones Huyck","doi":"10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00667","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate (a) the effect of aging on spectral and temporal resolution, as measured both behaviorally and electrophysiologically, and (b) the contributions of spectral and temporal resolution and cognition to speech perception in younger and older adults.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Eighteen younger and 18 older listeners with normal hearing or no more than mild-moderate hearing loss participated in this cross-sectional study. Speech recognition was assessed with the QuickSIN test and six-band noise-vocoded sentences. Frequency discrimination, temporal interval discrimination, and gap detection thresholds were obtained using a three-alternative forced-choice task. Cortical auditory evoked potentials were recorded in response to tonal frequency changes and to gaps in noise. Cognitive testing included nonverbal reasoning, vocabulary, working memory, and processing speed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were age-related declines on many outcome measures, including speech perception in noise, cognition (nonverbal reasoning, processing speed), behavioral gap detection thresholds, and neural correlates of spectral and temporal processing (smaller P1 amplitudes and prolonged P2 latencies in response to frequency change; smaller N1-P2 amplitudes and longer P1, N1, P2 latencies to temporal gaps). Hearing thresholds and neural processing of spectral and temporal information were the main predictors of degraded speech recognition performance, in addition to cognition and perceptual learning. These factors accounted for 58% of the variability on the QuickSIN test and 41% of variability on the noise-vocoded speech.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results confirm and extend previous work demonstrating age-related declines in gap detection, cognition, and neural processing of spectral and temporal features of sounds. Neural measures of spectral and temporal processing were better predictors of speech perception than behavioral ones.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.28883711.</p>","PeriodicalId":51254,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Contributions of Behavioral and Electrophysiological Spectrotemporal Processing to the Perception of Degraded Speech in Younger and Older Adults.\",\"authors\":\"Bruna S Mussoi, A'Diva Warren, Jordin Benedict, Serena Sereki, Julia Jones Huyck\",\"doi\":\"10.1044/2025_JSLHR-24-00667\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate (a) the effect of aging on spectral and temporal resolution, as measured both behaviorally and electrophysiologically, and (b) the contributions of spectral and temporal resolution and cognition to speech perception in younger and older adults.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Eighteen younger and 18 older listeners with normal hearing or no more than mild-moderate hearing loss participated in this cross-sectional study. Speech recognition was assessed with the QuickSIN test and six-band noise-vocoded sentences. Frequency discrimination, temporal interval discrimination, and gap detection thresholds were obtained using a three-alternative forced-choice task. Cortical auditory evoked potentials were recorded in response to tonal frequency changes and to gaps in noise. Cognitive testing included nonverbal reasoning, vocabulary, working memory, and processing speed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were age-related declines on many outcome measures, including speech perception in noise, cognition (nonverbal reasoning, processing speed), behavioral gap detection thresholds, and neural correlates of spectral and temporal processing (smaller P1 amplitudes and prolonged P2 latencies in response to frequency change; smaller N1-P2 amplitudes and longer P1, N1, P2 latencies to temporal gaps). Hearing thresholds and neural processing of spectral and temporal information were the main predictors of degraded speech recognition performance, in addition to cognition and perceptual learning. These factors accounted for 58% of the variability on the QuickSIN test and 41% of variability on the noise-vocoded speech.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results confirm and extend previous work demonstrating age-related declines in gap detection, cognition, and neural processing of spectral and temporal features of sounds. 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Contributions of Behavioral and Electrophysiological Spectrotemporal Processing to the Perception of Degraded Speech in Younger and Older Adults.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate (a) the effect of aging on spectral and temporal resolution, as measured both behaviorally and electrophysiologically, and (b) the contributions of spectral and temporal resolution and cognition to speech perception in younger and older adults.
Method: Eighteen younger and 18 older listeners with normal hearing or no more than mild-moderate hearing loss participated in this cross-sectional study. Speech recognition was assessed with the QuickSIN test and six-band noise-vocoded sentences. Frequency discrimination, temporal interval discrimination, and gap detection thresholds were obtained using a three-alternative forced-choice task. Cortical auditory evoked potentials were recorded in response to tonal frequency changes and to gaps in noise. Cognitive testing included nonverbal reasoning, vocabulary, working memory, and processing speed.
Results: There were age-related declines on many outcome measures, including speech perception in noise, cognition (nonverbal reasoning, processing speed), behavioral gap detection thresholds, and neural correlates of spectral and temporal processing (smaller P1 amplitudes and prolonged P2 latencies in response to frequency change; smaller N1-P2 amplitudes and longer P1, N1, P2 latencies to temporal gaps). Hearing thresholds and neural processing of spectral and temporal information were the main predictors of degraded speech recognition performance, in addition to cognition and perceptual learning. These factors accounted for 58% of the variability on the QuickSIN test and 41% of variability on the noise-vocoded speech.
Conclusions: The results confirm and extend previous work demonstrating age-related declines in gap detection, cognition, and neural processing of spectral and temporal features of sounds. Neural measures of spectral and temporal processing were better predictors of speech perception than behavioral ones.
期刊介绍：
Mission: JSLHR publishes peer-reviewed research and other scholarly articles on the normal and disordered processes in speech, language, hearing, and related areas such as cognition, oral-motor function, and swallowing. The journal is an international outlet for both basic research on communication processes and clinical research pertaining to screening, diagnosis, and management of communication disorders as well as the etiologies and characteristics of these disorders. JSLHR seeks to advance evidence-based practice by disseminating the results of new studies as well as providing a forum for critical reviews and meta-analyses of previously published work.
Scope: The broad field of communication sciences and disorders, including speech production and perception; anatomy and physiology of speech and voice; genetics, biomechanics, and other basic sciences pertaining to human communication; mastication and swallowing; speech disorders; voice disorders; development of speech, language, or hearing in children; normal language processes; language disorders; disorders of hearing and balance; psychoacoustics; and anatomy and physiology of hearing.
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