Brandon G Roy, Gérard Demangeat, Sophie Meyer, Claude Gertz, Véronique Komar, Isabelle R Martin, Marc F Fuchs
{"title":"一种土壤传播的病毒通过单个氨基酸修饰植物宿主的根系结构并影响线虫的传播。","authors":"Brandon G Roy, Gérard Demangeat, Sophie Meyer, Claude Gertz, Véronique Komar, Isabelle R Martin, Marc F Fuchs","doi":"10.1094/PHYTO-03-25-0105-R","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) is the main causative agent of fanleaf degeneration disease. Transmission of GFLV is exclusively accomplished by the ectoparasitic dagger nematode <i>Xiphinema index</i> in a non-circulative, non-propagative mode. Previous studies of GFLV-host interactions revealed strain- and viral amino acid-specific changes to the root system architecture (RSA) in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i>. Here, a two-step assay first revealed the suitability of <i>N. benthamiana</i> in comparison to <i>Vitis</i> sp. for the transmission of GFLV by <i>X. index</i>. Then, a novel one-step assay revealed strain- and viral amino acid-specific differences in transmission between wildtype GFLV strains F13 and GHu, and their respective mutants with single residue changes to position 802 of the putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (protein 1E<sup>Pol*/Sd</sup>). Higher transmission rates were obtained with asymptomatic mutant GFLV-GHu 1E<sub>K802G</sub> (33.33%,16/48) versus symptomatic wildtype GFLV-GHu (25.53%, 12/47) and with asymptomatic wildtype GFLV-F13 (75%, 30/40) versus symptomatic mutant GFLV-F13 1E<sub>G802K</sub> (51.28%, 20/39). These results documented that <i>X. index</i>-mediated transmission is influenced by the GFLV strain and the identity of the amino acid in position 802 of protein 1E<sup>Pol*/Sd</sup> with a glycine favoring transmission and a lysine reducing transmission. As expected, GFLV transmission was significantly correlated with differences in RSA traits such as the number of root tips and total root length, but not to GFLV titer in <i>X. index</i> or in roots of donor plants. This is the first report of a soil-borne virus modifying both the RSA of a plant host and transmission by its dagger nematode via a single viral amino acid.</p>","PeriodicalId":20410,"journal":{"name":"Phytopathology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"A Soil-Borne Virus Modifies the Root System Architecture of a Plant Host via a Single Amino Acid and Influences Nematode Transmission.\",\"authors\":\"Brandon G Roy, Gérard Demangeat, Sophie Meyer, Claude Gertz, Véronique Komar, Isabelle R Martin, Marc F Fuchs\",\"doi\":\"10.1094/PHYTO-03-25-0105-R\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) is the main causative agent of fanleaf degeneration disease. Transmission of GFLV is exclusively accomplished by the ectoparasitic dagger nematode <i>Xiphinema index</i> in a non-circulative, non-propagative mode. Previous studies of GFLV-host interactions revealed strain- and viral amino acid-specific changes to the root system architecture (RSA) in <i>Nicotiana benthamiana</i>. Here, a two-step assay first revealed the suitability of <i>N. benthamiana</i> in comparison to <i>Vitis</i> sp. for the transmission of GFLV by <i>X. index</i>. Then, a novel one-step assay revealed strain- and viral amino acid-specific differences in transmission between wildtype GFLV strains F13 and GHu, and their respective mutants with single residue changes to position 802 of the putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (protein 1E<sup>Pol*/Sd</sup>). Higher transmission rates were obtained with asymptomatic mutant GFLV-GHu 1E<sub>K802G</sub> (33.33%,16/48) versus symptomatic wildtype GFLV-GHu (25.53%, 12/47) and with asymptomatic wildtype GFLV-F13 (75%, 30/40) versus symptomatic mutant GFLV-F13 1E<sub>G802K</sub> (51.28%, 20/39). These results documented that <i>X. index</i>-mediated transmission is influenced by the GFLV strain and the identity of the amino acid in position 802 of protein 1E<sup>Pol*/Sd</sup> with a glycine favoring transmission and a lysine reducing transmission. As expected, GFLV transmission was significantly correlated with differences in RSA traits such as the number of root tips and total root length, but not to GFLV titer in <i>X. index</i> or in roots of donor plants. This is the first report of a soil-borne virus modifying both the RSA of a plant host and transmission by its dagger nematode via a single viral amino acid.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":20410,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Phytopathology\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-15\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Phytopathology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-03-25-0105-R\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"PLANT SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Phytopathology","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1094/PHYTO-03-25-0105-R","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PLANT SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
A Soil-Borne Virus Modifies the Root System Architecture of a Plant Host via a Single Amino Acid and Influences Nematode Transmission.
Grapevine fanleaf virus (GFLV) is the main causative agent of fanleaf degeneration disease. Transmission of GFLV is exclusively accomplished by the ectoparasitic dagger nematode Xiphinema index in a non-circulative, non-propagative mode. Previous studies of GFLV-host interactions revealed strain- and viral amino acid-specific changes to the root system architecture (RSA) in Nicotiana benthamiana. Here, a two-step assay first revealed the suitability of N. benthamiana in comparison to Vitis sp. for the transmission of GFLV by X. index. Then, a novel one-step assay revealed strain- and viral amino acid-specific differences in transmission between wildtype GFLV strains F13 and GHu, and their respective mutants with single residue changes to position 802 of the putative RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (protein 1EPol*/Sd). Higher transmission rates were obtained with asymptomatic mutant GFLV-GHu 1EK802G (33.33%,16/48) versus symptomatic wildtype GFLV-GHu (25.53%, 12/47) and with asymptomatic wildtype GFLV-F13 (75%, 30/40) versus symptomatic mutant GFLV-F13 1EG802K (51.28%, 20/39). These results documented that X. index-mediated transmission is influenced by the GFLV strain and the identity of the amino acid in position 802 of protein 1EPol*/Sd with a glycine favoring transmission and a lysine reducing transmission. As expected, GFLV transmission was significantly correlated with differences in RSA traits such as the number of root tips and total root length, but not to GFLV titer in X. index or in roots of donor plants. This is the first report of a soil-borne virus modifying both the RSA of a plant host and transmission by its dagger nematode via a single viral amino acid.
期刊介绍：
Phytopathology publishes articles on fundamental research that advances understanding of the nature of plant diseases, the agents that cause them, their spread, the losses they cause, and measures that can be used to control them. Phytopathology considers manuscripts covering all aspects of plant diseases including bacteriology, host-parasite biochemistry and cell biology, biological control, disease control and pest management, description of new pathogen species description of new pathogen species, ecology and population biology, epidemiology, disease etiology, host genetics and resistance, mycology, nematology, plant stress and abiotic disorders, postharvest pathology and mycotoxins, and virology. Papers dealing mainly with taxonomy, such as descriptions of new plant pathogen taxa are acceptable if they include plant disease research results such as pathogenicity, host range, etc. Taxonomic papers that focus on classification, identification, and nomenclature below the subspecies level may also be submitted to Phytopathology.
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