Zachary S Clayton, Mackenzie N Kehmeier, Ryan Rosenberry, Emily A Larson, Amélie Debray, Susan Cheng, Kerrie L Moreau
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Arteries and Hearts in Motion: Sex Differences in Exercise-Mediated Protection Against Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk.
Purpose of review: This review summarizes the current knowledge on the benefits of various exercise training modalities on subclinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk factors (i.e., endothelial dysfunction, large artery stiffening, carotid artery intima-media thickening) across the adult lifespan and the moderating role of biological sex, with the goal of informing/being to inform research gaps and future research directions.
Recent findings: Regular exercise is an effective intervention to counter subclinical risk factors for ASCVD. However, sex-specific variation has been observed in exercise training benefits. For example, aerobic exercise improves large artery stiffening in both middle-aged/older men and women and enhances endothelial function in middle-aged/older men; however, similar exercise-mediated improvements in endothelial function are not consistently observed in postmenopausal women Sex differences in exercise benefits may be related to differences in the sex hormone environment across the adult lifespan that influence cellular-molecular mechanisms, disconnecting favorable signaling in the vasculature induced by exercise training. Moreover, differences could be explained by social and/or psychological factors that make women more susceptible, on average, to barriers to exercise training compared to age-matched men.
期刊介绍：
The aim of this journal is to systematically provide expert views on current basic science and clinical advances in the field of atherosclerosis and highlight the most important developments likely to transform the field of cardiovascular prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.
We accomplish this aim by appointing major authorities to serve as Section Editors who select leading experts from around the world to provide definitive reviews on key topics and papers published in the past year. We also provide supplementary reviews and commentaries from well-known figures in the field. An Editorial Board of internationally diverse members suggests topics of special interest to their country/region and ensures that topics are current and include emerging research.
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