Application of electrospun membranes of polylactic acid and polypyrrole as a biosensor for the detection of cholesterol.

Background: Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) plays a crucial role in various industries and enzymatic reactions, including cholesterol oxidation. Cholesterol, vital for physiological functions, can lead to cardiovascular and hepatic diseases when present in excess. Accurate detection is crucial, yet current techniques are costly and time-consuming. Biosensors offer a promising alternative due to their sensitivity, speed, and portability in detecting H₂O₂. Objective: This study aims to develop a sensitive, simple, rapid, and cost-effective biosensor for H₂O₂ detection using electrospun membranes coated with polypyrrole (PPy). Methods: Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) membranes were prepared using the electrospinning technique. Subsequently, these membranes were coated with polypyrrole (PPy) through in situ chemical polymerization. The obtained materials were characterized using SEM, contact angle measurements, XPS, and their electrical properties were analyzed. Results: PLA/PPy composite membranes exhibited electrical conductivities on the order of 10^-2 S cm^-1. Upon exposure to H₂O₂ and enzymatic reaction, a significant decrease in their electrical properties was observed, indicating their potential as sensors for detecting this analyte. Conclusions: Electrospun PLA/PPy membranes demonstrate high potential for H₂O₂ detection, owing to their large surface area and high reactivity, thereby enhancing sensor sensitivity. These characteristics make this material a promising option for H₂O₂ detection applications across various industries.