{"title":"常见的职业上肢肌肉骨骼疾病。","authors":"Scott Hall, Matthew R Compton","doi":"","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Family physicians play a valuable role in the diagnosis, management, and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders that result from occupational exposures, including overexertion, repetitive motion, and vibration. Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common peripheral nerve entrapment syndrome often identified in workers whose jobs require repetitive hand motion. Treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome includes splinting, rehabilitation exercises, and oral or injected corticosteroids; surgical release is considered in patients for whom conservative treatment has failed or who have severe symptoms. Lateral epicondylitis is an elbow disorder resulting from overuse; it is diagnosed clinically and managed with bracing, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroid injections, and physical therapy. Rotator cuff tendinopathy is a degenerative disorder of the rotator cuff musculature and tendons and is often identified in people who perform repetitive work overhead. Rotator cuff tendinopathy is diagnosed clinically and generally managed nonoperatively with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, physical therapy, and corticosteroid injections; imaging may be considered to confirm the diagnosis after initial conservative treatment. Trigger finger is a stenosing tenosynovitis of the flexor ten-dons of the hand and occurs among people whose jobs require repetitive gripping. Corticosteroid injection is a first-line treatment for trigger finger. A careful history can assist the clinician in determining whether an injury is work related. Providing appropriate work restrictions for injured workers to allow a safe return to work may expedite recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":7713,"journal":{"name":"American family physician","volume":"111 5","pages":"451-458"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Common Occupational Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders.\",\"authors\":\"Scott Hall, Matthew R Compton\",\"doi\":\"\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Family physicians play a valuable role in the diagnosis, management, and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders that result from occupational exposures, including overexertion, repetitive motion, and vibration. Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common peripheral nerve entrapment syndrome often identified in workers whose jobs require repetitive hand motion. Treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome includes splinting, rehabilitation exercises, and oral or injected corticosteroids; surgical release is considered in patients for whom conservative treatment has failed or who have severe symptoms. Lateral epicondylitis is an elbow disorder resulting from overuse; it is diagnosed clinically and managed with bracing, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroid injections, and physical therapy. Rotator cuff tendinopathy is a degenerative disorder of the rotator cuff musculature and tendons and is often identified in people who perform repetitive work overhead. Rotator cuff tendinopathy is diagnosed clinically and generally managed nonoperatively with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, physical therapy, and corticosteroid injections; imaging may be considered to confirm the diagnosis after initial conservative treatment. Trigger finger is a stenosing tenosynovitis of the flexor ten-dons of the hand and occurs among people whose jobs require repetitive gripping. Corticosteroid injection is a first-line treatment for trigger finger. A careful history can assist the clinician in determining whether an injury is work related. Providing appropriate work restrictions for injured workers to allow a safe return to work may expedite recovery.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":7713,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"American family physician\",\"volume\":\"111 5\",\"pages\":\"451-458\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.8000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"American family physician\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"American family physician","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
Common Occupational Upper Extremity Musculoskeletal Disorders.
Family physicians play a valuable role in the diagnosis, management, and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders that result from occupational exposures, including overexertion, repetitive motion, and vibration. Carpal tunnel syndrome is a common peripheral nerve entrapment syndrome often identified in workers whose jobs require repetitive hand motion. Treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome includes splinting, rehabilitation exercises, and oral or injected corticosteroids; surgical release is considered in patients for whom conservative treatment has failed or who have severe symptoms. Lateral epicondylitis is an elbow disorder resulting from overuse; it is diagnosed clinically and managed with bracing, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, corticosteroid injections, and physical therapy. Rotator cuff tendinopathy is a degenerative disorder of the rotator cuff musculature and tendons and is often identified in people who perform repetitive work overhead. Rotator cuff tendinopathy is diagnosed clinically and generally managed nonoperatively with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, physical therapy, and corticosteroid injections; imaging may be considered to confirm the diagnosis after initial conservative treatment. Trigger finger is a stenosing tenosynovitis of the flexor ten-dons of the hand and occurs among people whose jobs require repetitive gripping. Corticosteroid injection is a first-line treatment for trigger finger. A careful history can assist the clinician in determining whether an injury is work related. Providing appropriate work restrictions for injured workers to allow a safe return to work may expedite recovery.
期刊介绍:
American Family Physician is a semimonthly, editorially independent, peer-reviewed journal of the American Academy of Family Physicians. AFP’s chief objective is to provide high-quality continuing medical education for more than 190,000 family physicians and other primary care clinicians. The editors prefer original articles from experienced clinicians who write succinct, evidence-based, authoritative clinical reviews that will assist family physicians in patient care. AFP considers only manuscripts that are original, have not been published previously, and are not under consideration for publication elsewhere. Articles that demonstrate a family medicine perspective on and approach to a common clinical condition are particularly desirable.