Thermo-economic performance analysis of green silver nanofluid prepared by using Limonia acidissima seeds and Mangifera indica seeds extract

Our current study aims to promote the green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) and subsequently the production of nanofluids (NFs) using appropriate combinations of base fluids. The ultrasonic velocity of these NFs was measured using a highly efficient thermal conductivity apparatus. Additionally, we utilized Bridgman’s equation to calculate the thermal conductivity of NFs. Silver NFs synthesized with Limonia acidissima seeds extract exhibited significantly higher thermal conductivity (171%) compared to those synthesized with Mangifera indica seed extract and chemically synthesized silver NFs. This enhanced thermal conductivity can be attributed to the smaller size and nanocubic shapes, which provide a larger surface area for heat conduction. The green synthesis of silver NPs offers several advantages for thermal applications, as they are devoid of harmful chemicals, and the organic capping agent can be easily removed at low temperatures to ensure metallic continuity for effective heat conduction. This study endeavours to determine the optimal combination of base fluid and green-synthesized Ag NPs for enhancing heat transfer in photovoltaic (PVT) applications.