Prevalence and classification of tooth resorption in small-breed dogs: A retrospective study using full-mouth intraoral radiographs

Tooth resorption (TR) is a clinically significant dental condition in dogs; however, its classification and prevalence, particularly in small breeds, remain understudied despite its impact on quality of life. This retrospective study aimed to assess and classify the types of TR in small-breed dogs and investigate associations between TR and factors such as sex, skull type, body weight, number of missing teeth, TR type, breed, and age. Dental radiographs of 248 dogs weighing less than 15 kg, examined over a three-year period, were included in this study. Statistical analyses were performed to investigate the associations between the examined variables and TR. The most common type of resorption was external replacement resorption (ERR), followed by external inflammatory resorption (EIR). Significant associations were found among age, number of missing teeth, and total TR (p < 0.01). In addition, the prevalence of ERR and EIR increased with age (p < 0.01). The rate of TR was significantly higher in premolars than in incisors, canines, and molars (p < 0.001). Maltese dogs showed a significantly higher prevalence of TR (p < 0.05), particularly ERR (p < 0.05), than other breeds. The TR rate increased significantly in dogs aged 9–11 years, 12–15 years, and over 15 years. Given the high prevalence of TR in older small-breed dogs, particularly in premolars and breeds such as Maltese, clinicians should exercise caution during tooth extraction. Thorough radiographic evaluation is recommended to accurately assess the extent of resorption, especially in older dogs and predisposed breeds.