Andrea Springer , Alexander Lindau , Katrin Fachet-Lehmann , Daniel Kämmer , Ingrid Bulling , Steffen Knoll , Nina Król , Dominik Fischer , Luisa Fischer , Marco Drehmann , Lidia Chitimia-Dobler , Madeleine Noll , Hannah Rose Vineer , Olaf Kahl , Martin Pfeffer , Christina Strube , Ute Mackenstedt
{"title":"中欧国家的蜱虫危害:绘制欧洲主要蜱传疾病媒介在德国的地图","authors":"Andrea Springer , Alexander Lindau , Katrin Fachet-Lehmann , Daniel Kämmer , Ingrid Bulling , Steffen Knoll , Nina Król , Dominik Fischer , Luisa Fischer , Marco Drehmann , Lidia Chitimia-Dobler , Madeleine Noll , Hannah Rose Vineer , Olaf Kahl , Martin Pfeffer , Christina Strube , Ute Mackenstedt","doi":"10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102485","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The most common European tick species, <em>Ixodes ricinus,</em> is the principal vector of <em>Borrelia</em> and tick-borne encephalitis virus and several other pathogens of public health relevance in Europe. Comprehensive data on tick abundance and the underlying ecological drivers are crucial for developing awareness and control strategies and to assess future changes in tick-borne disease risk. We aimed to provide a Germany-wide map of <em>I. ricinus</em> abundance to aid in disease transmission risk assessment. During 2018−2020, questing tick density was assessed at 83 sites across the whole country by drag flagging, whereby 49,344 <em>I. ricinus</em> nymphs and adults were collected. Relationships between climate, land cover, and monthly questing <em>I. ricinus</em> nymph density were explored and used to draw an abundance map. Highest tick hazard was observed in areas near the coast with mild winters and moist springs, and in mid-elevation mountain ranges, which represent popular tourist destinations. The ticks’ seasonal activity pattern was predominantly unimodal. The fact that the observed regional differences are contradictory to a previous estimation based on a combination of regional studies illustrates the need for an extensive and coordinated sampling effort to reliably estimate tick abundance at larger spatial scales. Combined with data on tick-borne pathogens, our study enables estimating the density of infected ticks and consequently the risk of acquiring an infectious tick bite. Moreover, the observed relationships with climate and land cover can help to predict future developments of tick hazard under different climate scenarios in Central Europe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49320,"journal":{"name":"Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases","volume":"16 3","pages":"Article 102485"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1000,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Tick hazard in a Central European country: Mapping Europe’s principal tick-borne disease vector across Germany\",\"authors\":\"Andrea Springer , Alexander Lindau , Katrin Fachet-Lehmann , Daniel Kämmer , Ingrid Bulling , Steffen Knoll , Nina Król , Dominik Fischer , Luisa Fischer , Marco Drehmann , Lidia Chitimia-Dobler , Madeleine Noll , Hannah Rose Vineer , Olaf Kahl , Martin Pfeffer , Christina Strube , Ute Mackenstedt\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.ttbdis.2025.102485\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>The most common European tick species, <em>Ixodes ricinus,</em> is the principal vector of <em>Borrelia</em> and tick-borne encephalitis virus and several other pathogens of public health relevance in Europe. Comprehensive data on tick abundance and the underlying ecological drivers are crucial for developing awareness and control strategies and to assess future changes in tick-borne disease risk. We aimed to provide a Germany-wide map of <em>I. ricinus</em> abundance to aid in disease transmission risk assessment. During 2018−2020, questing tick density was assessed at 83 sites across the whole country by drag flagging, whereby 49,344 <em>I. ricinus</em> nymphs and adults were collected. Relationships between climate, land cover, and monthly questing <em>I. ricinus</em> nymph density were explored and used to draw an abundance map. Highest tick hazard was observed in areas near the coast with mild winters and moist springs, and in mid-elevation mountain ranges, which represent popular tourist destinations. The ticks’ seasonal activity pattern was predominantly unimodal. The fact that the observed regional differences are contradictory to a previous estimation based on a combination of regional studies illustrates the need for an extensive and coordinated sampling effort to reliably estimate tick abundance at larger spatial scales. Combined with data on tick-borne pathogens, our study enables estimating the density of infected ticks and consequently the risk of acquiring an infectious tick bite. Moreover, the observed relationships with climate and land cover can help to predict future developments of tick hazard under different climate scenarios in Central Europe.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":49320,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases\",\"volume\":\"16 3\",\"pages\":\"Article 102485\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-05-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877959X25000494\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"INFECTIOUS DISEASES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877959X25000494","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Tick hazard in a Central European country: Mapping Europe’s principal tick-borne disease vector across Germany
The most common European tick species, Ixodes ricinus, is the principal vector of Borrelia and tick-borne encephalitis virus and several other pathogens of public health relevance in Europe. Comprehensive data on tick abundance and the underlying ecological drivers are crucial for developing awareness and control strategies and to assess future changes in tick-borne disease risk. We aimed to provide a Germany-wide map of I. ricinus abundance to aid in disease transmission risk assessment. During 2018−2020, questing tick density was assessed at 83 sites across the whole country by drag flagging, whereby 49,344 I. ricinus nymphs and adults were collected. Relationships between climate, land cover, and monthly questing I. ricinus nymph density were explored and used to draw an abundance map. Highest tick hazard was observed in areas near the coast with mild winters and moist springs, and in mid-elevation mountain ranges, which represent popular tourist destinations. The ticks’ seasonal activity pattern was predominantly unimodal. The fact that the observed regional differences are contradictory to a previous estimation based on a combination of regional studies illustrates the need for an extensive and coordinated sampling effort to reliably estimate tick abundance at larger spatial scales. Combined with data on tick-borne pathogens, our study enables estimating the density of infected ticks and consequently the risk of acquiring an infectious tick bite. Moreover, the observed relationships with climate and land cover can help to predict future developments of tick hazard under different climate scenarios in Central Europe.
期刊介绍:
Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases is an international, peer-reviewed scientific journal. It publishes original research papers, short communications, state-of-the-art mini-reviews, letters to the editor, clinical-case studies, announcements of pertinent international meetings, and editorials.
The journal covers a broad spectrum and brings together various disciplines, for example, zoology, microbiology, molecular biology, genetics, mathematical modelling, veterinary and human medicine. Multidisciplinary approaches and the use of conventional and novel methods/methodologies (in the field and in the laboratory) are crucial for deeper understanding of the natural processes and human behaviour/activities that result in human or animal diseases and in economic effects of ticks and tick-borne pathogens. Such understanding is essential for management of tick populations and tick-borne diseases in an effective and environmentally acceptable manner.