Investigation of Lipid Profile in Patients with Cerebrovascular Diseases: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Cerebrovascular diseases are caused by issues in the brain's blood vessels, resulting in ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes. The association between serum lipid profile and ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke has shown conflicting results in some studies. We conducted a comprehensive review and meta-analysis to investigate the potential link between plasma lipid profile and cerebrovascular disease. Our study followed the guidelines of PRISMA 2021 for systematic reviews and meta-analysis, conducting a thorough analysis. We searched multiple databases, including Medline, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase, to identify studies on lipid profiles in cerebrovascular diseases. We included studies published up to June 2021. After searching various databases, 24,346 studies were found. Finally, 36 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis estimated the odds ratio (95% CI) for different total cholesterol levels to be 1.12 (1.02-1.22). The odds ratios (95% CI) for different LDL, HDL, and triglyceride levels were estimated to be 1.02 (0.98-1.07), P < 0.001, 0.97 (0.93-1.02), P < 0.001, and 1.01 (0.97-1.04), respectively. According to Egger's test, no noteworthy publication bias was found in the meta-analysis (coefficient: -0.26, P: 0.919). According to this meta-analysis, the risk of stroke increases with the increase in total cholesterol level. It was discovered that there is no notable correlation between the incidence of stroke and varying levels of LDL, HDL, or triglycerides. Further research is required to validate these findings.