[纯母乳喂养儿童的发育]。

Néstor Isaí Domínguez-Delgado, Jacqueline Lezama-González, Elisa Sánchez-Cabrera, Socorro Méndez-Martínez, Carolina Sánchez-Pérez, Israel Bello-Guerrero, José Víctor Retama-Xochicale
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:纯母乳喂养(EBF)对儿童发育至关重要,提供认知、运动和情感方面的益处。目的:了解纯母乳喂养儿童的发育情况。材料和方法:对1至24个月的儿童进行了纵向和回顾性研究,包括纯母乳喂养和不纯母乳喂养(EBF)。使用婴儿发育评估测试在三个时间点(基线,三个月和六个月)评估发育,该测试测量大运动技能,精细运动技能,语言和社交方面。使用SPSS v24对儿童相关变量(年龄、性别、胎龄)和母亲变量(年龄、社会经济地位、教育水平)进行描述性和推断性统计分析。结果:在359名儿童样本中,中位年龄为9个月(1-24),52.4%为女孩,中位胎龄为39周(37-42)。产妇年龄中位数为24岁(16-38岁),以中高社会经济地位(70.8岁)和中等或高等教育(55.4%)为主。52.9%的儿童接受EBF治疗。最初,83.1%的EBF儿童在发育方面获得了绿色评分,三个月时增加到97.8%,六个月时增加到99.4%。相比之下,在没有EBF的儿童中,最初只有28.9%的儿童获得绿色评分,3个月时增加到34.9%,6个月时增加到48.5% (p < 0.001)。结论:有EBF的儿童发育优于无EBF的儿童,说明母乳喂养在精神运动、认知和社会发展中的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
[Child development in children with exclusive breastfeeding].

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is essential for child development, offering cognitive, motor and emotional benefits.

Objective: To determine child development in children with exclusive breastfeeding.

Material and methods: A longitudinal and retrospective study was conducted on children aged 1 to 24 months, with and without exclusive breastfeeding (EBF). Development was assessed at three time points (baseline, three months, and six months) using the Infant Development Assessment Test, which measures gross motor skills, fine motor skills, language, and social aspects. Child-related variables (age, sex, and gestational age) and maternal variables (age, socioeconomic status, and education level) were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with SPSS v24.

Results: In a sample of 359 children, with a median age of 9 months (1-24), 52.4% were girls, with a median gestational age of 39 weeks (37-42). The median maternal age was 24 years (16-38), with a predominance of middle-high socioeconomic status (70.8) and secondary or higher education (55.4%). 52.9% of children received EBF. Initially, 83.1% of children with EBF obtained a green score in development, increasing to 97.8% at three months and 99.4% at six months. In contrast, in children without EBF, only 28.9% obtained a green score initially, increasing to 34.9% at three months and 48.5% at six months (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Children with EBF showed superior development compared to those without EBF, underlining the importance of breastfeeding in psychomotor, cognitive and social development.

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