果蝇大脑的比较单细胞转录组图谱表明神经胶质在生态适应过程中进化。

IF 9.8 1区 生物学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
PLoS Biology Pub Date : 2025-04-29 eCollection Date: 2025-04-01 DOI:10.1371/journal.pbio.3003120
Daehan Lee, Michael P Shahandeh, Liliane Abuin, Richard Benton
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引用次数: 0

摘要

为了探索大脑在物种进化过程中是如何变化的,我们生成了三种关系密切但生态上截然不同的果蝇的中枢大脑的单细胞转录组图谱:通才果蝇黑腹果蝇和拟象果蝇,以及诺丽果专才果蝇。这些物种大脑的整体细胞组成是保守的,但我们预测了几种不同频率的细胞类型,特别是血脑屏障的神经周围胶质细胞,我们在体内验证了这一点。基因表达分析显示,不同的细胞类型以不同的速度和模式进化,胶质细胞群体在物种之间表现出最大的差异。与黑腹龙脑相比,尽管与黑腹龙脑的系统发育距离相似,但黑腹龙脑的细胞组成和基因表达模式比拟海龙脑差异更大,这表明黑腹龙脑的特化反映在其脑的结构和功能上。稻瘟病菌的表达变化包括几个代谢信号基因,暗示其适应新的营养来源。额外的单细胞转录组学分析揭示了对诺丽果膳食补充有反应的基因和细胞类型,指出胶质细胞是对这种水果的生理和遗传适应的位点。我们的地图集代表了“整个”中枢大脑的第一个比较数据集,并为在定义良好的系统发育和生态框架中研究神经系统的可进化性提供了全面的基础。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Comparative single-cell transcriptomic atlases of drosophilid brains suggest glial evolution during ecological adaptation.

To explore how brains change upon species evolution, we generated single-cell transcriptomic atlases of the central brains of three closely related but ecologically distinct drosophilids: the generalists Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans, and the noni fruit specialist Drosophila sechellia. The global cellular composition of these species' brains is well-conserved, but we predicted a few cell types with different frequencies, notably perineurial glia of the blood-brain barrier, which we validate in vivo. Gene expression analysis revealed that distinct cell types evolve at different rates and patterns, with glial populations exhibiting the greatest divergence between species. Compared to the D. melanogaster brain, cellular composition and gene expression patterns are more divergent in D. sechellia than in D. simulans-despite their similar phylogenetic distance from D. melanogaster-indicating that the specialization of D. sechellia is reflected in the structure and function of its brain. Expression changes in D. sechellia include several metabolic signaling genes, suggestive of adaptations to its novel source of nutrition. Additional single-cell transcriptomic analysis on D. sechellia revealed genes and cell types responsive to dietary supplement with noni, pointing to glia as sites for both physiological and genetic adaptation to this fruit. Our atlases represent the first comparative datasets for "whole" central brains and provide a comprehensive foundation for studying the evolvability of nervous systems in a well-defined phylogenetic and ecological framework.

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来源期刊
PLoS Biology
PLoS Biology BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY-BIOLOGY
CiteScore
15.40
自引率
2.00%
发文量
359
审稿时长
3-8 weeks
期刊介绍: PLOS Biology is the flagship journal of the Public Library of Science (PLOS) and focuses on publishing groundbreaking and relevant research in all areas of biological science. The journal features works at various scales, ranging from molecules to ecosystems, and also encourages interdisciplinary studies. PLOS Biology publishes articles that demonstrate exceptional significance, originality, and relevance, with a high standard of scientific rigor in methodology, reporting, and conclusions. The journal aims to advance science and serve the research community by transforming research communication to align with the research process. It offers evolving article types and policies that empower authors to share the complete story behind their scientific findings with a diverse global audience of researchers, educators, policymakers, patient advocacy groups, and the general public. PLOS Biology, along with other PLOS journals, is widely indexed by major services such as Crossref, Dimensions, DOAJ, Google Scholar, PubMed, PubMed Central, Scopus, and Web of Science. Additionally, PLOS Biology is indexed by various other services including AGRICOLA, Biological Abstracts, BIOSYS Previews, CABI CAB Abstracts, CABI Global Health, CAPES, CAS, CNKI, Embase, Journal Guide, MEDLINE, and Zoological Record, ensuring that the research content is easily accessible and discoverable by a wide range of audiences.
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