通往长寿之路的对比:关于老龄化的个人观点和普遍观点如何不同地预测死亡率。

IF 3.5 1区 心理学 Q1 GERONTOLOGY
Psychology and Aging Pub Date : 2025-09-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-08 DOI:10.1037/pag0000902
M Clara P de Paula Couto, David Weiss, Maxi Casper, Klaus Rothermund
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引用次数: 0

摘要

对衰老的看法对整个生命周期的发展产生重要影响,影响着个体的衰老过程。先前的研究表明,个人如何看待自己的衰老(即个人VoA)可以预测他们能活多少年,更积极的自我看法与降低死亡风险有关。虽然对老年人的总体看法(即广义VoA)或年龄刻板印象已被证明预示着更差的身体、精神和认知健康,但它们是否以及如何与死亡率相关仍不清楚。因此,在本研究中,我们旨在使用多维方法来检查个人和普遍VoA对死亡风险的影响。数据来自老龄化作为未来的纵向研究,包括2009年基线评估的参与者(N = 768, 49.5%为女性,年龄为55.17,年龄范围为30-80岁)。关于死亡率的信息是在15年后的2024年获得的。一项生存分析重复并扩展了先前的发现,表明对自己的衰老持更积极态度的个体死亡风险较低。然而,当研究广义VoA时,出现了一种不同的模式。在考虑了内化效应的影响(由个人VoA捕获)后,总体上发现,对老年人持负面看法的个人死亡风险较低。即使在控制了参与者的年龄、性别、家庭收入、教育程度、自评健康和生活满意度之后,这两种效应仍然显著。研究结果表明,个人和普遍的VoA都会影响个人的寿命,尽管方向相反。我们从VoA的内化和分离的角度来讨论这些发现。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA,版权所有)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Contrasting paths to longevity: How personal and generalized views on aging differentially predict mortality.

Views on aging (VoA) have consequences for development across the lifespan affecting the aging process of individuals in important ways. Previous research has shown that how individuals perceive their own aging (i.e., personal VoA) predict how many years they live, with more positive self-views being associated with decreased risk of mortality. While views of older adults in general (i.e., generalized VoA), or age stereotypes, have been shown to predict worse physical, mental, and cognitive health, whether and how they are associated with mortality remains unclear. In this study, we thus aimed to use a multidimensional approach to examine the impact of both personal and generalized VoA on mortality risk. Data were drawn from the Ageing as Future longitudinal study and included participants who took part in the baseline assessment in 2009 (N = 768, 49.5% female, Mage = 55.17, age range = 30-80 years). Information on mortality was obtained 15 years later, in 2024. Replicating and extending previous findings, a survival analysis indicated that individuals with more positive future views of their own aging had a lower risk of mortality. However, when examining generalized VoA, a different pattern emerged. After accounting for the influence of internalization effects (captured by personal VoA), individuals with more negative views of older adults in general were found to have a lower risk of mortality. Both effects remained significant even after controlling for participants' age, gender, household income, education, self-rated health, and life satisfaction. The findings suggest that both personal and generalized VoA influence how long individuals live, although in opposing directions. We discuss these findings in terms of internalization and dissociation of VoA. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).

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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.40
自引率
10.80%
发文量
97
期刊介绍: Psychology and Aging publishes original articles on adult development and aging. Such original articles include reports of research that may be applied, biobehavioral, clinical, educational, experimental (laboratory, field, or naturalistic studies), methodological, or psychosocial. Although the emphasis is on original research investigations, occasional theoretical analyses of research issues, practical clinical problems, or policy may appear, as well as critical reviews of a content area in adult development and aging. Clinical case studies that have theoretical significance are also appropriate. Brief reports are acceptable with the author"s agreement not to submit a full report to another journal.
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