机器学习vs人类专家:来自RAPID-axSpA和C-OPTIMISE axSpA三期试验的骶髂炎分析

IF 2.1 Q3 RHEUMATOLOGY
Rheumatology Advances in Practice Pub Date : 2025-04-18 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1093/rap/rkae118
Fabian Proft, Janis L Vahldiek, Joeri Nicolaes, Rachel Tham, Bengt Hoepken, Baran Ufuktepe, Denis Poddubnyy, Keno K Bressem
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:轴性脊柱炎(axSpA)的诊断主要是通过确定有无骶髂炎来确定的。然而,传统x光片(x光片)的可靠性受到解读器显著变化的影响。机器学习工具可以减少诊断时间,从而最大限度地减少解读器的可变性。本研究旨在评估RAPID-axSpA (NCT01087762)和C-OPTIMISE (NCT02505542)试验中用于检测axSpA患者放射性骶髂炎的深度学习模型的性能。方法:回顾性使用RAPID-axSpA和C-OPTIMISE队列的x线片。深度学习模型之前是通过在非医疗数据上使用迁移学习方法进行训练的。该模型与专家读者的一致性在使用中央阅读器数据的基线x射线上进行了测试。计算敏感性、特异性、Cohen’s κ、阳性预测值和阴性预测值以及受试者工作特征曲线下面积。结果:在RAPID-axSpA (n = 277)和C-OPTIMISE (n = 739)队列中对模型的性能进行了评估。在RAPID-axSpA中,该模型的灵敏度为82%,特异性为81%,科恩κ为0.61,与中心读取器性能密切匹配。在C-OPTIMISE中,模型的灵敏度为90%,特异性为56%,科恩κ为0.48。模型与中心阅读器之间的一致性为82% (RAPID-axSpA)和75% (C-OPTIMISE)。结论:所测试的深度学习模型在各种临床试验的axSpA患者中显示出准确的骶髂炎放射学检测。提出的深度学习模型可以加快诊断,减少医疗资源的使用,并改善患者的护理途径。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Machine learning vs human experts: sacroiliitis analysis from the RAPID-axSpA and C-OPTIMISE phase 3 axSpA trials.

Objective: Diagnosis of axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is primarily established through the identification of the presence or absence of radiographic sacroiliitis. However, the reliability of conventional radiographs (X-rays) is undermined by significant interreader variability. A machine learning tool could reduce diagnosis time, thereby minimising interreader variability. The present study aimed to evaluate the performance of a deep learning model for detecting radiographic sacroiliitis in axSpA patients from the RAPID-axSpA (NCT01087762) and C-OPTIMISE (NCT02505542) trials.

Methods: Radiographs from the RAPID-axSpA and C-OPTIMISE cohorts were retrospectively used. The deep learning model was previously trained by using a transfer learning approach on non-medical data. The model's agreement with expert readers was tested on baseline X-rays using central reader data. Sensitivity, specificity, Cohen's κ, positive and negative predictive values and the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve were calculated.

Results: The model's performance was evaluated in the RAPID-axSpA (n = 277) and C-OPTIMISE (n = 739) cohorts. In RAPID-axSpA, the model achieved 82% sensitivity, 81% specificity and a Cohen's κ of 0.61, closely matching central reader performance. In C-OPTIMISE, the model demonstrated 90% sensitivity, 56% specificity and a Cohen's κ of 0.48. The agreement between the model and central readers was 82% (RAPID-axSpA) and 75% (C-OPTIMISE).

Conclusions: The tested deep learning model exhibited accurate radiographic sacroiliitis detection in axSpA patients from diverse clinical trials. The proposed deep learning model could expedite diagnosis, reduce healthcare resource usage and improve patient care pathways.

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来源期刊
Rheumatology Advances in Practice
Rheumatology Advances in Practice Medicine-Rheumatology
CiteScore
3.60
自引率
3.20%
发文量
197
审稿时长
11 weeks
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