[Incidence and risk factors of late intraocular lens dislocation].

Background: Late intraocular lens (IOL) dislocation is the second most common late complication after successful cataract surgery. It also represents the most common cause of IOL explantations. An increasing incidence of this complication has already been described in the literature since 1995. The aim of this study is to observe the development of the incidence of IOL dislocation within our department over the last 10 years and to identify and evaluate possible risk factors.

Materials and methods: In this retrospective monocentric analysis, a total of 578 eyes of 544 patients, who had undergone surgery for an IOL dislocation within the last 10 years, were included. The presence of myopia, pseudoexfoliation, prior vitrectomy or intravitreal injection (IVI), traumatic events and use of topical prostaglandin therapy were analyzed as possible risk factors.

Results: Since 2017, there has been an increase in the incidence of IOL dislocations (R² = 0.45). On average, the dislocations occurred 11.7 years after cataract surgery, at an age of 75.6 ± 11 years. Myopia was present in 62% of the patients, of which 40.6% had high myopia. Pseudoexfoliation was documented in 38% of cases. No clear correlations were found for the further analyzed factors, such as prior prostaglandin therapy, IVI or trauma.

Conclusion: Due to the increasing number of cataract surgeries, a further increase in the incidence of IOL dislocations is to be expected in the future. The presence of possible risk factors for IOL dislocation and the age of the patient should therefore be taken into consideration prior to indication of cataract surgery and IOL selection.