Stuttering Representation on X: A Detailed Analysis of Content, Sentiment, and Influences.

Background and aims: Social media shapes public perceptions of various topics, including health conditions and communication challenges, such as stuttering. This study analyzed the stuttering-related posts on X (formerly Twitter), a platform chosen for its unique features, including real-time interaction, concise messaging, and public accessibility. X's hashtag system also enables efficient tracking of trends and aggregating relevant posts, making it ideal for thematic and sentiment analysis. This study examined X to explore how stuttering is represented and perceived in top stuttering-related posts. It focused on these posts' themes, sentiments, and engagement patterns, as well as their influence on perceptions of stuttering on the platform.

Method: In this exploratory study, data from 153 highly engaged posts containing the hashtag "#stuttering" were analyzed using sentiment analysis, thematic analysis, and network analysis. Posts were selected based on engagement scores calculated from the number of likes, comments, and reposts.

Results: The sentiment analysis revealed that 69.93% of posts conveyed positive sentiments, with the majority of these posted by self-identified stuttering advocates, while 6.54% reflected negative sentiments and 23.53% were neutral. Five key themes emerged from the data: (a) celebrating stuttering success, (b) enhancing awareness and education about stuttering, (c) navigating challenges through support, (d) addressing misconceptions and reducing stigma, and (e) systematic advocacy and policy reform. Network analysis reflected the critical role of health care professionals and advocacy organizations in shaping public perceptions.

Conclusions: This study highlighted both the supportive and stigmatizing aspects of stuttering representation on X. While prominent figures and organizations drive positive engagement, targeted efforts are still needed to address negative stereotypes. These findings provide insights for future public health communication and advocacy strategies in the stuttering community.